基于群算法的电力系统网络DG最优分配和规模确定
Optimal DG allocation and sizing in power system networks using swarm-based algorithms
摘要：
分布式发电（DG）机组是目前电力系统网络结构中非常重要的发电设备。增加这些DG单元的好处是增加对网络的电力供应。然而，如果没有适当地分配和/或确定大小，这些DG单元的安装可能会造成不利影响。因此，需要优化分配和调整它们的大小，以避免电压不稳定和昂贵的投资成本等情况。在本文中，两个群体为基础的元启发式算法，粒子群优化（PSO）和鲸鱼优化算法（WOA）的开发，以解决最佳的位置和规模的DG单元在寻求输电网络规划。一个支持性的技术，损失敏感性因子（LSF）被用来识别潜在的DG单元的最佳位置的总线。在两个IEEE总线测试系统（14节点和30节点）上验证了算法的可行性。比较结果表明，这两种算法产生良好的解决方案，他们优于对方在不同的指标。在IEEE 14节点和30节点试验系统中，考虑技术经济因素的WOA实际功率损耗降低分别为6.14 MW和10.77 MW，而PSO分别为6.47 MW和11.73 MW。与WOA的152.21 MW和82.44 MW相比，PSO在两个母线系统中的总DG单元尺寸分别为133.45 MW和82.44 MW。本文揭示了PSO和WOA在输电网DG单元优化配置中的应用的优点和缺点。
英文摘要：
Distributed generation (DG) units are power generating plants that are very important to the architecture of present power system networks. The benefit of the addition of these DG units is to increase the power supply to a network. However, the installation of these DG units can cause an adverse effect if not properly allocated and/or sized. Therefore, there is a need to optimally allocate and size them to avoid cases such as voltage instability and expensive investment costs. In this paper, two swarm-based meta-heuristic algorithms, particle swarm optimization (PSO) and whale optimization algorithm (WOA) were developed to solve optimal placement and sizing of DG units in the quest for transmission network planning. A supportive technique, loss sensitivity factors (LSF) was used to identify potential buses for optimal location of DG units. The feasibility of the algorithms was confirmed on two IEEE bus test systems (14- and 30-bus). Comparison results showed that both algorithms produce good solutions and they outperform each other in different metrics. The WOA real power loss reduction considering techno-economic factors in the IEEE 14-bus and 30-bus test system are 6.14 MW and 10.77 MW, compared to the PSOs' 6.47 MW and 11.73 MW respectively. The PSO has a more reduced total DG unit size in both bus systems with 133.45 MW and 82.44 MW compared to WOAs' 152.21 MW and 82.44 MW respectively. The paper unveils the strengths and weaknesses of the PSO and the WOA in the application of optimal sizing of DG units in transmission networks.
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