基于RSU的多宿多车道车辆网络性能分析
Performance Analysis of RSU-based Multihomed Multilane Vehicular Networks
摘要：
受未来自动驾驶汽车中通勤者潜在的高下行链路交通需求的激励，我们研究了一种网络架构，其中车辆使用车辆到车辆（V2 V）链路形成中继网络集群，这些集群又使用车辆到基础设施（V2 I）链路连接到一个或多个路侧单元（RSU）。这种基于集群的多宿主提供了改进的性能，例如，在覆盖范围和每个用户共享速率方面，V2 V-V2 I取决于具有V2 V-V2 I能力的车辆的渗透以及传统车辆对基于视线的V2 V链路（诸如基于毫米波和可见光技术的那些）的可能阻塞。本文提供了一个典型的车辆的连接和吞吐量在高速公路上的自由流制度的性能分析，探讨其依赖于车辆密度，堵塞的敏感性，车道数和车道异质性。结果表明，即使具有中等车辆密度和具有V2 V-V2 I能力的车辆的渗透率，与基于V2 I的网络相比，这种架构也可以实现连接性的实质性改进和每用户速率变化的降低。典型的车辆的性能也被证明是大大提高在多车道公路设置相比，单车道的道路。本文还揭示了如何影响网络性能时，车辆可以控制自己的相对位置，通过表征的车辆集群所面临的连接性吞吐量权衡。
英文摘要：
Motivated by the potentially high downlink traffic demands of commuters in future autonomous vehicles, we study a network architecture where vehicles use Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) links to form relay network clusters, which in turn use Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) links to connect to one or more Road Side Units (RSUs). Such cluster-based multihoming offers improved performance, e.g., in coverage and per user shared rate, but depends on the penetration of V2V-V2I capable vehicles and possible blockage, by legacy vehicles, of line of sight based V2V links, such as those based on millimeter-wave and visible light technologies. This paper provides a performance analysis of a typical vehicle's connectivity and throughput on a highway in the free-flow regime, exploring its dependence on vehicle density, sensitivity to blockages, number of lanes and heterogeneity across lanes. The results show that, even with moderate vehicle densities and penetration of V2V-V2I capable vehicles, such architectures can achieve substantial improvements in connectivity and reduction in per-user rate variability as compared to V2I based networks. The typical vehicle's performance is also shown to improve considerably in the multilane highway setting as compared to a single lane road. This paper also sheds light on how the network performance is affected when vehicles can control their relative positions, by characterizing the connectivity-throughput tradeoff faced by the clusters of vehicles.
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