澳大利亚莫尔顿湾的物质和碎片输运模式：拉格朗日相干结构的影响
Material and debris transport patterns in Moreton Bay, Australia: The influence of Lagrangian coherent structures
摘要：
沿海潮汐河口对内陆水域和公海之间的能量和物质交换至关重要。来自陆地和海洋的碎片进入这一环境，并由水流（河流流量和潮汐）、风、波浪和密度梯度搬运。了解和预测这类碎片的来源和归宿具有相当大的环境、经济和视觉重要性。我们表明，这个问题可以解决使用拉格朗日相干结构（LCS）技术，这是非常强大的流体动力学模型的不确定性。在这里，我们提出了一个全面的研究表明，这种方法的实用性，以描述在沿海潮汐海湾的漂浮物的命运。一个例子是从莫尔顿湾，一个半封闭的亚热带海湾与高形态，生态和经济意义的东南昆士兰州，澳大利亚。LCS可视化的运输障碍物为海湾中的材料运输创造了路径和障碍。有人发现，风场修改率吸引力和位置的运输障碍。主要成果之一是展示了岛屿在分隔物质运输和海湾内混合方面的重要作用。碎片源沿海岸线的分布解释的LCS的相对位置的海岸线。因此，LCS的提取可以帮助预测人为海洋废弃物的来源和归宿，从而成为有效管理脆弱区域和海洋保护区的有用途径。
英文摘要：
Coastal tidal estuaries are vital to the exchange of energy and material between inland waters and the open ocean. Debris originating from the land and ocean enter this environment and are transported by currents (river outflow and tide), wind, waves and density gradients. Understanding and predicting the source and fate of such debris has considerable environmental, economic and visual importance. We show that this issue can be addressed using the Lagrangian coherent structures (LCS) technique which is highly robust to hydrodynamic model uncertainties. Here we present a comprehensive study showing the utility of this approach to describe the fate of floating material in a coastal tidal embayment. An example is given from Moreton Bay, a semi-enclosed subtropical embayment with high morphologic, ecological and economic significance to Southeast Queensland, Australia. Transport barriers visualised by the LCS create pathways and barriers for material transport in the embayment. It was found that the wind field modified both the rate attraction and location of the transport barriers. One of the key outcomes is the demonstration of the significant role of islands in partitioning the transport of material and mixing within the embayment. The distribution of the debris sources along the shoreline are explained by the relative location of the LCS to the shoreline. Therefore, extraction of LCS can help to predict sources and fate of anthropogenic marine debris and thus, serve as a useful way for effective management of vulnerable regions and marine protected areas.
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