人的认知效率反映了有计划的信息处理
The Efficiency of Human Cognition Reflects Planned Information Processing
摘要：
规划是有用的。它让人们采取行动，有可取的长期后果。但是，规划是很难的。它需要考虑后果，这消耗了有限的计算和认知资源。因此，人们应该计划他们的行动，但他们也应该聪明地部署用于计划行动的资源。换句话说，人们也应该“计划他们的计划”。在这里，我们制定这方面的规划作为一个元推理问题，并正式将其纳入一个递归贝尔曼目标，任务奖励和信息理论的规划成本。我们的账户对人们应该如何计划和元计划作为任务整体结构的函数进行了定量预测，我们在两个实验中对人类参与者进行了测试。我们发现，人们的反应时间反映了信息处理的计划使用，与我们的帐户一致。这种规划到规划的表述为人类和机器的层次规划、状态抽象和认知控制的功能提供了新的见解。
英文摘要：
Planning is useful. It lets people take actions that have desirable long-term consequences. But, planning is hard. It requires thinking about consequences, which consumes limited computational and cognitive resources. Thus, people should plan their actions, but they should also be smart about how they deploy resources used for planning their actions. Put another way, people should also "plan their plans". Here, we formulate this aspect of planning as a meta-reasoning problem and formalize it in terms of a recursive Bellman objective that incorporates both task rewards and information-theoretic planning costs. Our account makes quantitative predictions about how people should plan and meta-plan as a function of the overall structure of a task, which we test in two experiments with human participants. We find that people's reaction times reflect a planned use of information processing, consistent with our account. This formulation of planning to plan provides new insight into the function of hierarchical planning, state abstraction, and cognitive control in both humans and machines.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
