亲属关系网络中的社会与儿童照料供给：一个基于主体的模型
Social and Child Care Provision in Kinship Networks: an Agent-Based Model
摘要：
满足弱势群体的需要是社会和卫生决策的一个关键组成部分。特别是，照顾儿童和弱势老年人对全世界数百万家庭的福祉至关重要。在大多数发达国家，这种照顾是通过正式和非正式手段提供的，因此受到复杂政策的制约，这些政策以不明显的方式与其他决策领域相互作用。在本文中，我们提出了一个基于代理的模式，在英国的社会和儿童保育提供，代理人可以提供非正式的照顾或支付私人照顾他们的亲属。代理人根据许多因素做出护理决定，包括他们的健康状况，就业，财务状况以及与有需要的人的社会和物理距离。模拟结果表明，该模型可以产生合理的模式的护理需求和可用性，因此可以提供一个重要的帮助，这一复杂的领域的政策制定。我们的结论是，该模型的使用亲属网络分配照顾和明确的社会关怀和儿童保育之间的相互作用的建模将使决策者在这些关键领域制定更明智的政策干预。
英文摘要：
Providing for the needs of the vulnerable is a critical component of social and health policy-making. In particular, caring for children and for vulnerable older people is vital to the wellbeing of millions of families throughout the world. In most developed countries, this care is provided through both formal and informal means, and is therefore governed by complex policies that interact in non-obvious ways with other areas of policy-making. In this paper we present an agent-based model of social and child care provision in the UK, in which agents can provide informal care or pay for private care for their relatives. Agents make care decisions based on numerous factors including their health status, employment, financial situation, and social and physical distance to those in need. Simulation results show that the model can produce plausible patterns of care need and availability, and therefore can provide an important aid to this complex area of policy-making. We conclude that the model's use of kinship networks for distributing care and the explicit modelling of interactions between social care and child care will enable policy-makers to develop more informed policy interventions in these critical areas.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
