UAV操作用先进辐射探测器（ARDUO）的飞行性能
In-Flight Performance of the Advanced Radiation Detector for UAV Operations (ARDUO)
摘要：
加拿大自然资源部（NRCan）负责在加拿大发生辐射或核紧急情况时提供航空辐射测量。正如2011年东北地震和海啸后的恢复工作及其对日本福岛的影响所表明的那样，载人航空勘测是计划的后果管理行动的一个基本要素。无人驾驶飞行器（UAV）比有人驾驶飞机飞行得更低、更慢，可以提供更高的空间分辨率。特别是，在载人勘测结果中，热点活动可能被低估，因为较高的飞行高度和较宽的测线间距有效地平均了较大面积上的热点。此外，UAV可以进入对人类有危险的区域。NRCan一直在研究将无人机携带的辐射测量光谱仪纳入其航空测量响应程序。无人机操作高级辐射探测器（ARDUO）的开发是为了利用25公斤级以下无人机的飞行和升力能力。该探测器具有8个2.8 cm x 2.8 cm x 5.6 cm CsI（Tl）晶体，采用自屏蔽配置，用硅光电倍增器读出，并使用小型化定制电子设备进行数字化。ARDUO是在一个称为Responder的主旋翼和尾桨无人机上飞行的，该无人机具有6公斤的升力能力，最长可飞行40分钟。耐力ARDUO-Responder无人机系统的性能在实验室和室外试验中得到了表征。室外试验包括对密封点源和分布式源的航空测量。结果表明，ARDUO的方向响应可以提供一个指示，在飞行中的指导源位置的实时。此外，结果表明，如何使用的方向信息在采集后处理可以导致提高空间分辨率的辐射功能的点源和分布式源。
英文摘要：
Natural Resources Canada (NRCan) is responsible for the provision of aerial radiometric surveys in the event of a radiological or nuclear emergency in Canada. Manned aerial surveys are an essential element of the planned consequence management operation, as demonstrated by the recovery work following the 2011 Tohoku earthquake and tsunami, and their effects in Fukushima, Japan. Flying lower and slower than manned aircraft, an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) can provide improved spatial resolution. In particular, hot spot activity can be underestimated in manned survey results as the higher flight altitude and wider line spacing effectively average the hot spot over a larger area. Moreover, a UAV can enter an area which is hazardous for humans. NRCan has been investigating the inclusion of UAV-borne radiation survey spectrometers into its aerial survey response procedures. The Advanced Radiation Detector for UAV Operations (ARDUO) was developed to exploit the flight and lift capabilities available in the under 25kg class of UAVs. The detector features eight 2.8cm x 2.8cm x 5.6cm CsI(Tl) crystals in a self-shielding configuration, read out with silicon photomultipliers and digitized using miniaturized custom electronics. The ARDUO is flown on a main- and tail-rotor UAV called Responder which has a 6kg lift capacity and up to 40min. endurance. The performance of the ARDUO-Responder UAV system was characterized in both lab and outdoor trials. Outdoor trials consisted of aerial surveys over sealed point sources and over a distributed source. Results show how the directional response of the ARDUO can provide an indication in real time of source location for in-flight guidance. As well, the results show how use of the directional information in post-acquisition processing can result in improved spatial resolution of radiation features for both point and distributed sources.
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