蛭石膜的阳离子控制润湿性能及其抗污染油水分离潜力
Cation controlled wetting properties of vermiculite membranes and its potential for fouling resistant oil-water separation
摘要：
表面自由能是固体最基本的性质之一，因此，操纵固体的表面能并由此操纵固体的润湿性质对于各种物理、化学、生物以及工业过程具有巨大的潜力。通常，这通过化学改性或通过控制表面的分级结构来实现。在这里，我们报告了一种现象，即蛭石层压板的润湿性能控制的表面和层间空间的水合阳离子。我们发现，通过利用这一机制，蛭石层压板可以被调谐从超亲水性疏水简单地通过交换阳离子;亲水性随着阳离子水合自由能的增加而降低，除了锂。锂具有比钾更高的水合自由能，由于锂在蛭石表面的异常水合结构，锂被发现提供超亲水表面。基于这些发现，我们证明了超亲水性锂交换蛭石作为微滤膜上的薄涂层以抵抗污染的潜在应用，因此，我们解决了油水分离技术的主要挑战。
英文摘要：
The surface free energy is one of the most fundamental properties of solids, hence, manipulating the surface energy and thereby the wetting properties of solids, has tremendous potential for various physical, chemical, biological as well as industrial processes. Typically, this is achieved by either chemical modification or by controlling the hierarchical structures of surfaces. Here we report a phenomenon whereby the wetting properties of vermiculite laminates are controlled by the hydrated cations on the surface and in the interlamellar space. We find that by exploiting this mechanism, vermiculite laminates can be tuned from superhydrophillic to hydrophobic simply by exchanging the cations; hydrophilicity decreases with increasing cation hydration free energy, except for lithium. Lithium, which has a higher hydration free energy than potassium, is found to provide a superhydrophilic surface due to its anomalous hydrated structure at the vermiculite surface. Building on these findings, we demonstrate the potential application of superhydrophilic lithium exchanged vermiculite as a thin coating layer on microfiltration membranes to resist fouling, and thus, we address a major challenge for oil-water separation technology.
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