arXiv 2002.038812020-02-10astro-ph.EPastro-ph.IM

测量流星质量指数的新方法：应用于2018年天龙座流星雨爆发

A new method for measuring the meteor mass index: application to the 2018 Draconid meteor shower outburst

Denis Vida, Margaret Campbell-Brown, Peter G. Brown, Auriane Egal, Michael J. Mazur

备注：: Accepted for publication in A&A
发表信息：: A&A 635, A153 (2020)
DOI：: 10.1051/0004-6361/201937296

摘要：

上下文几位作者预测了2018年天龙座流星雨的爆发，但活动水平不确定。目标。光学流星观测被用来推导出天龙座流星的人口和质量指数，通量和辐射位置。方法.在预测的活动高峰之后，使用高灵敏度电子倍增电荷耦合器件（EMCCD）照相机进行了90分钟的多站观测。详细讨论了数据校正问题。提出了一种新的计算种群和质量指数的极大似然估计方法。我们将该方法应用于观测到的天龙座流星雨，并使用这些值来导出通量。流星轨迹的计算和预测的辐射位置从流星体喷射模型进行比较。结果我们发现，在预测峰值后30分钟的箱中质量指数为$1.74 \pm 0.18$，在接下来的60分钟中为$2.32 \pm 0.27$。辐射源的位置和色散与模拟值很好地匹配，但在太阳经度上存在$0.4^{\circ}$的偏移。

英文摘要：

Context. Several authors predicted an outburst of the Draconid meteor shower in 2018, but with an uncertain level of activity. Aims. Optical meteor observations were used to derive the population and mass indices, flux, and radiant positions of Draconid meteors. Methods. 90 minutes of multi-station observations after the predicted peak of activity were performed using highly sensitive Electron Multiplying Charge Coupled Device (EMCCD) cameras. The data calibration is discussed in detail. A novel maximum likelihood estimation method of computing the population and mass index with robust error estimation was developed. We apply the method to observed Draconids and use the values to derive the flux. Meteor trajectories are computed and compared to predicted radiant positions from meteoroid ejection models. Results. We found that the mass index was $1.74 \pm 0.18$ in the 30 minute bin after the predicted peak, and $2.32 \pm 0.27$ in the next 60 minutes. The location and the dispersion of the radiant matches well to modeled values, but there is an offset of $0.4^{\circ}$ in solar longitude.

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