拓扑绝缘体中电子能量损失谱的轴子米氏理论
Axion Mie Theory of Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy in Topological Insulators
AI总结：
本文提出轴子米氏理论，揭示拓扑绝缘体球形粒子中轴子项诱导的横磁与横电模混合，并探讨将其用于电子能量损失谱以检测轴子电磁响应的可行性。
摘要：
物质的电子拓扑态对电磁场表现出新颖的响应类型。例如，强拓扑绝缘体的响应由电磁拉格朗日量中的所谓轴子项表征，该轴子项最终源于拓扑表面态的存在。在此，我们发展了轴子米氏理论，用于描述球形粒子在包含任意场源（即电荷和电流分布）情况下的电磁响应。我们推导出轴子引起的横磁模与横电模的混合，这种混合可通过场矢量的小幅感应旋转在实验上检测到。我们的结果扩展了此前对该问题的分析。我们主要关注的是拓扑绝缘体中电子能量损失谱这一实验相关问题，该技术迄今尚未被用于检测这些材料中的轴子电磁响应。
英文摘要：
Electronic topological states of matter exhibit novel types of responses to electromagnetic fields. The response of strong topological insulators, for instance, is characterized by a so-called axion term in the electromagnetic Lagrangian which is ultimately due to the presence of topological surface states. Here we develop the axion Mie theory for the electromagnetic response of spherical particles including arbitrary sources of fields, i.e., charge and current distributions. We derive an axion induced mixing of transverse magnetic and transverse electric modes which are experimentally detectable through small induced rotations of the field vectors. Our results extend upon previous analyses of the problem. Our main focus is on the experimentally relevant problem of electron energy loss spectroscopy in topological insulators, a technique that has so far not yet been used to detect the axion electromagnetic response in these materials.
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