干活性物质表现出自组织的“跨海”相
Dry Active Matter exhibits a self-organized 'Cross Sea' Phase
摘要：
自推进粒子的Vicsek模型已知有三个不同的相：（i）极性有序的均相，也称为Toner-Tu相，（iii）极性有序的规则排列的高密度带（波）的相，其周围没有极性有序的低密度区域，以及（iv）没有极性有序的均相。有人质疑带相（iii）是否应该分为两部分[Chaté 2020]：一部分是周期性排列的，另一部分是强相互作用但不有序的带。我们回答这个问题表明，标准Vicsek模型有第四个阶段的大系统尺寸：（ii）一个极性有序的跨海阶段。接近向（i）的过渡，该相变得不稳定，看起来像强相互作用带。我们证明，跨海阶段不只是两个波的叠加，但它是一个独立的复杂模式。此外，我们表明，有一个非零的质量流量通过其共同移动的框架内的跨海图案的结构。
英文摘要：
The Vicsek model of self-propelled particles is known in three different phases: (i) a polar ordered homogeneous phase also called Toner-Tu phase, (iii) a phase of polar ordered regularly arranged high density bands (waves) with surrounding low density regions without polar order and (iv) a homogeneous phase without polar order. It has been questioned whether the band phase (iii) should be divided into two parts [Chaté2020]: one with periodically arranged and one with strongly interacting but not ordered bands. We answer this question by showing that the standard Vicsek model has a fourth phase for large system sizes: (ii) a polar ordered cross sea phase. Close to the transition towards (i) this phase becomes unstable and looks like strongly interacting bands. We demonstrate that the cross sea phase is not just a superposition of two waves, but it is an independent complex pattern. Furthermore we show that there is a non-zero mass flow through the structure of the cross sea pattern within its co-moving frame.
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