利用引力波信息确定宇宙学常数
Determining Cosmological Constant Using Gravitational Wave Information
摘要：
在爱因斯坦引力理论中，宇宙学常数λ引入了引力子质量m，这一结果将从雷吉-惠勒-泽里利问题中推导出来，即粒子落在具有λ的柯特勒-史瓦西质量上。m的值正好是出现在自旋-2的λ-m2相图上的自旋-2规范线，这是Deser和Waldron引入的部分无质量规范线，被描述为Higuchi界限。注意这个引力子是么正的，只有四个极化自由度（螺旋度正负2和1，但不是0，因为标量规范对称性消除了它）。得出结论：爱因斯坦引力（有λ）是一个部分无质量引力理论，由于标量规范对称性而失去了螺旋度0。这对引力波天线提出了一个挑战，即它们是否可以测量这种规范对称性的损失。此外，鉴于最近的结果测量的哈勃常数Ho从LIGO-Virgo数据，然后表明，可以确定的Lambda从LIGO的结果的引力子质量m和Ho。这是另一个多信使来源，用于确定天体物理学和宇宙学中的三个参数λ，m和Ho，当时Ho的测量存在很大差异。
英文摘要：
It is shown in Einstein gravity that the cosmological constant Lambda introduces a graviton mass m into the theory, a result that will be derived from the Regge-Wheeler-Zerilli problem for a particle falling onto a Kottler-Schwarzschild mass with Lambda. The value of m is precisely the Spin-2 gauge line appearing on the Lambda versus m2 phase diagram for Spin-2, the partially massless gauge lines introduced by Deser & Waldron and described as the Higuchi bound. Note that this graviton is unitary with only four polarization degrees of freedom (helicities plus & minus 2 and 1, but not 0 because a scalar gauge symmetry removes it). The conclusion is drawn that Einstein gravity (with Lambda) is a partially massless gravitation theory which has lost its helicity 0 due to a scalar gauge symmetry. That poses a challenge for gravitational wave antennas as to whether they can measure the loss of this gauge symmetry. Also, given the recent results measuring the Hubble constant Ho from LIGO-Virgo data, it is then shown that Lambda can be determined from the LIGO results for the graviton mass m and Ho. This is yet another multi-messenger source for determining the three parameters Lambda, m, and Ho in astrophysics and cosmology, at a time when there is much disparity in measurements of Ho.
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