利用超导量子比特合成自旋手征三体相互作用
Synthesizing three-body interaction of spin chirality with superconducting qubits
摘要：
超导量子位提供了一个有竞争力的平台，量子模拟的复杂动力学，位于量子多体系统的核心，因为灵活性和可扩展性所提供的性质的微细加工。然而，在多量子位器件中，量子位之间耦合的物理形式是电场（电容器）或磁场（电感器），并且相关的二次场能量决定了只能直接实现哈密顿量中的两体相互作用。本文提出并实验合成了基于Floquet工程的超导电路中的三体自旋手征相互作用。通过周期性地调制通过电容器彼此连接的量子比特的谐振频率，我们可以动态地打开和关闭量子比特-量子比特耦合，并进一步在三量子比特环形回路中创建激发的手征流。我们的结果是一个多量子位超导器件的工程动力学和多体相互作用的一步，这可能会扩大量子模拟任务的自由度。
英文摘要：
Superconducting qubits provide a competitive platform for quantum simulation of complex dynamics that lies at the heart of quantum many-body systems, because of the flexibility and scalability afforded by the nature of microfabrication. However, in a multiqubit device, the physical form of couplings between qubits is either an electric (capacitor) or magnetic field (inductor), and the associated quadratic field energy determines that only two-body interaction in the Hamiltonian can be directly realized. Here we propose and experimentally synthesize the three-body spin-chirality interaction in a superconducting circuit based on Floquet engineering. By periodically modulating the resonant frequencies of the qubits connected with each other via capacitors, we can dynamically turn on and off qubit-qubit couplings, and further create chiral flows of the excitations in the three-qubit circular loop. Our result is a step toward engineering dynamical and many-body interactions in multiqubit superconducting devices, which potentially expands the degree of freedom in quantum simulation tasks.
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