二维准晶光晶格中局域化的观测
Observing localisation in a 2D quasicrystalline optical lattice
摘要：
准晶是长程有序的，但不是周期性的，代表了有序和无序之间有趣的中间地带。我们对八重对称准晶光晶格中无相互作用和弱相互作用玻色子的基态进行了实验和数值研究。我们发现弱晶格的扩展状态，但观察到的非相互作用系统的晶格深度为$V_0=1.78(2)\,E_{\mathrm{rec}}$的本地化过渡。我们通过测量绝热加载到晶格中所需的时间尺度来确定这种转变，该时间尺度在临界晶格深度处发散以进行局部化。Gross-Pitaevskii模拟表明，在相互作用的系统中，过渡转移到更深的晶格中，正如超流秩序抵消局域化所预期的那样。我们的实验结果与这样的平均场位移是一致的。准周期电位，缺乏传统的稀有区域，提供了理想的测试地面，实现多体定位在2D。
英文摘要：
Quasicrystals are long-range ordered but not periodic, representing an interesting middle ground between order and disorder. We experimentally and numerically study the ground state of non- and weakly-interacting bosons in an eightfold symmetric quasicrystalline optical lattice. We find extended states for weak lattices but observe a localisation transition at a lattice depth of $V_0=1.78(2)\,E_{\mathrm{rec}}$ for the non-interacting system. We identify this transition by measuring the timescale required for adiabatic loading into the lattice, which diverges at the critical lattice depth for localisation. Gross-Pitaevskii simulations show that in interacting systems the transition is shifted to deeper lattices, as expected from superfluid order counteracting localisation. Our experimental results are consistent with such a mean-field shift. Quasiperiodic potentials, lacking conventional rare regions, provide the ideal testing ground to realise many-body localisation in 2D.
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