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arXiv 2001.10492astro-ph.HEastro-ph.SR
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密近双星中黑洞和中子星的诞生函数

The Birth Function for Black Holes and Neutron Stars in Close Binaries

S. Woosley, Tuguldur Sukhbold, H. -T. Janka

摘要:

研究了黑洞和中子星在出生时的质量函数。这些研究应该比对单个富氢恒星的类似研究更接近于近距离双星系统演化的结果。不同的质量损失率和金属丰度的影响计算使用一个简单的半解析方法来恒星演化,调整重现详细的数值计算。虽然在恒星坍缩事件中产生的黑洞的总比例随着金属丰度、质量损失率和质量截止值的变化而变化很大,从5 $\%$到30 $\%$,但它们的出生函数的形状对于这些量的所有合理变化都非常相似。中子星的质量中位数在1.32 - 1.37 $M_\odot$之间,与金属丰度无关。如果只计算初始质量低于40 $M_\odot$(ZAMS质量低于80 $M_\odot$)的氦核,那么太阳金属丰度的黑洞质量中值通常为8至9 $M_\odot$,如果初始质量高达150 $M_\odot$(ZAMS质量低于300 $M_\odot$)的氦核,那么在大多数情况下,黑洞质量中值为9至13 $M_\odot$。只要作为质量函数的质量损失率没有表现出强烈的非线性,从15到35 $M_\odot$的黑洞出生函数的斜率主要取决于主序星的初始质量函数。这些发现意味着约束的初始质量函数和质量损失的性质在密切的双星使用正在进行的测量引力波辐射的可能性。对黑洞的预期旋转速率进行了简要的讨论。

英文摘要:

The mass function for black holes and neutron stars at birth is explored for mass-losing helium stars. These should resemble, more closely than similar studies of single hydrogen-rich stars, the results of evolution in close binary systems. The effects of varying the mass-loss rate and metallicity are calculated using a simple semi-analytic approach to stellar evolution that is tuned to reproduce detailed numerical calculations. Though the total fraction of black holes made in stellar collapse events varies considerably with metallicity, mass-loss rate, and mass cutoff, from 5$\%$ to 30$\%$, the shapes of their birth functions are very similar for all reasonable variations in these quantities. Median neutron star masses are in the range 1.32 - 1.37 $M_\odot$ regardless of metallicity. The median black hole mass for solar metallicity is typically 8 to 9 $M_\odot$ if only initial helium cores below 40 $M_\odot$ (ZAMS mass less than 80 $M_\odot$) are counted, and 9 - 13 $M_\odot$, in most cases, if helium cores with initial masses up to 150 $M_\odot$ (ZAMS mass less than 300 $M_\odot$) contribute. As long as the mass-loss rate as a function of mass exhibits no strong non-linearities, the black hole birth function from 15 to 35 $M_\odot$ has a slope that depends mostly on the initial mass function for main sequence stars. These findings imply the possibility of constraining the initial mass function and the properties of mass loss in close binaries using ongoing measurements of gravitational wave radiation. The expected rotation rates of the black holes are briefly discussed.

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