Knowledge organization, infrastructure, and knowledge-based activities are all subjects that help in the creation of business strategies for the new enterprise. In this paper, the first basics of knowledge-based systems are studied. Practical issues and challenges of Knowledge Management (KM) implementations are then illustrated. Finally, a comparison of different knowledge-based projects is presented along with abstracted information on their implementation, techniques, and results. Most of these projects are in the field of medical science. Based on our study and evaluation of different KM projects, we conclude that KM is being used in every science, industry, and business. But its importance in medical science and assisted living projects are highlighted nowadays with the most of research institutes. Most medical centers are interested in using knowledge-based services like portals and learning techniques of knowledge for their future innovations and supports.
Supporting Risk Management for Medical Devices via the Riskman Ontology and Shapes (Preprint)
Faculty of Computer Science, TU Dresden, Germany（德累斯顿理工大学计算机科学学院）；Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Dresden, TU Dresden, Germany（德累斯顿大学第一医学部）；ScaDS.AI Center for Scalable Data Analytics（可扩展数据与人工智能分析中心）；Centre for Tactile Internet with Human-in-the-Loop (CeTI), Dresden, Germany（人机协同触觉互联网中心）
Safety and efficacy are the paramount objectives of medical device regulation. And in line with the medical ethos of non-maleficence, first do no harm, safety is the primary goal of regulation also. As such, risk management is the underlying principle that governs the regulation of medical devices, whether traditional devices or Software as a Medical Device (SaMD). In this article, I review how Risk Management Standard ISO 14971:2019 both connects with and serves as a foundation for the other parts of the Artificial Intelligence (AI)/Machine Learning (ML) SaMD regulatory framework.
Despite having a number of benefits for healthcare settings, the successful implementation of health information systems (HIS) continues to be a challenge in many developing countries. This paper examines the current state of health information systems in government hospitals in Fiji. It also investigates if the general public as well as medical practitioners in Fiji have interest in having web based electronic medical records systems that allow patients to access their medical reports and make online bookings for their appointments. Nausori Health Centre was used as a case study to examine th…
The transfer of the medical care services to the patient, rather than the transport of the patient to the medical services providers is aim of the project. This is achieved by using web-based applications including Modern Medical Informatics Services which is easier, faster and less expensive. The required system implements the suitable informatics and electronics solutions efficiently for the Tele-medicine care. We proposed an approach to manage different multimedia medical databases in the telemedicine system. In order to be efficiently and effectively manage, search, and display database in…
Medical tele-management is an emerging field of study in telemedicine that proposes an interactive and proactive disease management approach which combines tele-monitoring and tele-consultation services through an information and communications technology (ICT) supported partnership. On one hand, chronic diseases require frequent and continuous monitoring to avoid complications; on the other hand is the need for a platform where health workers in rural settlements can consult or interact with their counterparts in urban areas to reduce isolation. However, telemedicine systems exist singly eith…
Retained surgical bodies (RSB) are any foreign bodies left inside the patient after a medical procedure. RSB is often caused by human mistakes or miscommunication between medical staff during the procedure. Infection, medical complications, and even death are possible consequences of RSB, and it is a significant risk for patients, hospitals, and surgical staff. In this paper. we describe the engineering process we have done to explore the design space, define a feasible solution, and simulate, verify, and validate a state-of-the-art Cyber-Physical System that can significantly decrease the inc…
The popularity and wide spread of IoT technology has brought about a rich hardware infrastructure over which it is possible to run powerful applications that were not previously imagined. Among this infrastructure, there are the medical hardware that is progressively advancing but at a slower pace. Nevertheless, medical devices are more powerful now to run more sophisticated functions and applications and exchange big data with external systems in a secure and safe fashion. Towards the design of an architecture for interoperability of medical devices, this paper initially focuses on the backgr…
Many have argued that statistics students need additional facility to express statistical computations. By introducing students to commonplace tools for data management, visualization, and reproducible analysis in data science and applying these to real-world scenarios, we prepare them to think statistically. In an era of increasingly big data, it is imperative that students develop data-related capacities, beginning with the introductory course. We believe that the integration of these precursors to data science into our curricula-early and often-will help statisticians be part of the dialogu…
The explosion of data on the internet is a direct corollary of the social media platform. With petabytes of data being generated by end users, the researchers have access to unprecedented amount of data (Big Data). Such data provides an insight into user mental state and hence can be utilized to produce clinical evidence. This lofty goal requires a thorough understanding of not only the mental health issues but also the technology trends underlying the Big Data and how they can be leveraged effectively. The paper looks at various such concepts, provides an overview and enumerates the work that…
Medical doctors consider data quality management a secondary priority when delivering health care. Medical practitioners find data quality management practices intrusive to their operations. Using Health Management Information System (HMIS) that uses DHIS2 platform, our qualitative case study establishes that isomorphism leads to legitimization of data quality management practices among health practitioners and subsequently data quality. This case study employed the methods of observation, semi structured interviews and review of artefacts to explore how through isomorphic processes data quali…
Blockchain has received much attention recently, due to its promises of verifiable, permanent, decentralized, and efficient data handling. In 2017-2019 blockchain and associated technologies such as smart contracts has progressed beyond cryptocurrencies, and has been adopted in banking, retail, healthcare, and other fields. This study critically examines recent applications of blockchain in science, touching upon different stages of research cycle, from data management to publishing, peer review, research evaluation and funding. The paper is based upon a review of blockchain projects, relevant…
Medical Artificial Intelligence (MedAI) for diagnosis, treatment options, and drug development represents the new age of healthcare. The security, integrity, and credibility of MedAI tools are paramount issues because human lives are at stake. MedAI solutions are often heavily dependent on scientific medical research literature as a primary data source that draws the attacker's attention as a potential target. We present a first study of how the output of MedAI can be polluted with Predatory Publications Presence (PPP). We study two MedAI systems: mediKanren (disease independent) and CancerMin…
The outpatients department in a developing country is typically understaffed and inadequately equipped to handle a large numbers of patients filing through on an average day. The use of electronic medical record (EMR) systems can resolve some of the longstanding medical inefficiencies common in developing countries. This paper presents the design and implementation of a proposed outpatient management system that enables efficient management of a patient's medical details. We present a system to create appointments with medical practitioners by integrating a proposed Android-based mobile applic…
Impact on clinical guideline adherence of Orient-COVID, a CDSS based on dynamic medical decision trees for COVID19 management: a randomized simulation trial
Lebanese Hospital Geitaoui-UMC（黎巴嫩盖塔乌伊医院大学医学中心）；INSERM（法国国家健康与医学研究院）；Université Sorbonne Paris Nord（巴黎第十三大学）；Sorbonne Université（索邦大学）；Université Paris Cité（巴黎西岱大学）；Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers（科德利埃研究所）；AP-HP（巴黎公共医疗集团）；Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou（欧洲乔治·蓬皮杜医院）
Now-a-days Health Care industry is well equipped with Medical Equipments to provide accurate and timely reports of investigation and examination results. Medical Equipments available in market are made for specific tests suited for a particular laboratory leading to a wide variety of devices. The result viewing experience on console of these devices is not only cumborsome for medical staff but inefficient. Therefore, Medical Equipment Interfaces act as backbone of any Hospital Management Information System assisting in better management and delivery of test results. It also acts as a mode to c…
The work of astronomers is getting more complex and advanced as the progress of computer development occurs. With improved computing capabilities and increased data flow, more sophisticated software is required in order to interpret, and fully exploit, astronomic data. However, it is not possible for every astronomer to also be a software specialist. As history has shown, the work of scientists always becomes increasingly specialised, and we here argue in favour of another, at least partial, split between "programmers" and "interpreters". In this presentation we outline our vision for a new ap…
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology（加州理工学院喷气推进实验室）
Wildfire has had increasing impacts on society as the climate changes and the wildland urban interface grows. As such, there is a demand for innovative solutions to help manage fire. Managing wildfire can include proactive fire management such as prescribed burning within constrained areas or advancements for reactive fire management (e.g., fire suppression). Because of the growing societal impact, the JPL BlueSky program sought to assess the current state of fire management and technology and determine areas with high return on investment. To accomplish this, we met with the national interage…
Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Medical Humanities have become two of the most crucial and rapidly growing fields in the current world. AI has made substantial advancements in recent years, enabling the development of algorithms and systems that can perform tasks traditionally done by humans. Medical Humanities, on the other hand, is the intersection of medical sciences, humanities, and the social sciences, and deals with the cultural, historical, philosophical, ethical, and social aspects of health, illness, and medicine. The integration of AI and Medical Humanities can offer innovative solu…
Science has a data management problem, as well as a project management problem. While industrial-grade data science teams have embraced the agile mindset, and adopted or created all kind of tools to create reproducible workflows, academia-based science is still (mostly) mired in a mindset that is focused on a single final product (a paper), without focusing on incremental improvement, on any specific problem or customer, or, paying any attention reproducibility. In this report we argue towards the adoption of the agile mindset and agile data science tools in academia, to make a more responsibl…
Epidemic situations typically demand intensive data collection and management from different locations/entities within a strict time constraint. Such demand can be fulfilled by leveraging the intensive and easy deployment of the Internet of Things (IoT) devices. The management and containment of such situations also rely on cross-organizational and national collaboration. Thus, this paper proposes an Intelligent-Health (I-Health) system that aims to aggregate diverse e-health entities in a unique national healthcare system by enabling swift, secure exchange and storage of medical data. In part…
The current tendency of human learning and teaching is targeted to development and integration of digital technologies (like cloud solutions, mobile technology, learning analytics, big data, augmented reality, natural interaction technologies, etc.). Our Science Gateway (http://scigate.imp.kiev.ua) in collaboration with High Performance Computing Center (http://hpcc.kpi.ua) is aimed on the close cooperation among the main actors in learning and researching world (teachers, students, scientists, supporting personnel, volunteers, etc.) with industry and academia to propose the new frameworks and…
Semantic web technologies represent much richer forms of relationships among users, resources and actions among different web applications such as clouding computing. However, Semantic web applications pose new requirements for security mechanisms especially in the access control models. This paper addresses existing access control methods and presents a semantic based access control model which considers semantic relations among different entities in cloud computing environment. We have enriched the research for semantic web technology with role-based access control that is able to be applied…
For a developing nation, deploying big data (BD) technology and introducing data science in higher education is a challenge. A pessimistic scenario is: Mis-use of data in many possible ways, waste of trained manpower, poor BD certifications from institutes, under-utilization of resources, disgruntled management staff, unhealthy competition in the market, poor integration with existing technical infrastructures. Also, the questions in the minds of students, scientists, engineers, teachers and managers deserve wider attention. Besides the stated perceptions and analyses perhaps ignoring socio-po…
Over the years health care has seen major improvement due to the introduction information and communication technology with electronic medical prescription being one the areas benefiting from it. Within the overall context of protection of health care information, privacy of prescription data needs special treatment. This paper presents an e-prescription system that addresses some challenges pertaining to the prescription privacy protection in the process of drug prescription. The developed system uses spread spectrum image steganography algorithm with Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) key im…
Beyond Flashcards: Designing an Intelligent Assistant for USMLE Mastery and Virtual Tutoring in Medical Education (A Study on Harnessing Chatbot Technology for Personalized Step 1 Prep)
Objectives: The fee-for-service approach to healthcare leads to the management of a patient's conditions in an independent manner, inducing various negative consequences. It is recognized that a bundled care approach to healthcare-one that manages a collection of health conditions together-may enable greater efficacy and cost savings. However, it is not always evident which sets of conditions should be managed in a bundled program. Study Design: Retrospective inference of clusters of health conditions from an electronic medical record (EMR) system. A survey of healthcare experts to ascertain t…
Concerns regarding the impacts of climate change on marginalised communities in the Global South have led to calls for affected communities to be more active as agents in the process of planning for climate change. While the value of involving communities in risk management is increasingly accepted, the development of appropriate tools to support community engagement in flood risk management projects remains nascent. Using the Revitalising Informal Settlements and their Environment (RISE) Program as a case study, the article interrogates the potential of citizen science to include disadvantage…
