环境系统的概述和挑战，朝向其建模的建构主义方法
Overview and Challenges of Ambient Systems, Towards a Constructivist Approach to their Modelling
摘要：
信息处理系统从一个封闭和受控的环境，忽略了所有的外部干扰，现在暴露在复杂性和开放和不受控制的物理环境的aleas。事实上，正如Mark Weiser早在1991年所设想的那样，在无线通信、能量存储和计算机组件小型化方面取得的进展使物理和数字世界的融合成为可能。这种融合体现在物联网、普适计算、无处不在计算等一系列概念中。通过对这些不同概念的综合，我们表明，除了从传感器简单收集环境数据之外，这些概念背后的信息处理系统的目的是执行这些数据处理在我们的环境中建议的相关操作。然而，由于这些系统的复杂性和无法预测其行动的影响，这些行动的责任往往仍然是用户。马克·韦瑟关于计算机正在消失的设想还远未成为现实。这种情况要求一个认识论的断裂，建议通过系统的方法，在建构主义中找到它的基础具体化。这不再是一个预测的问题，而是在体内评估这些系统的有效性。这种方法的前景进行了讨论。
英文摘要：
From a closed and controlled environment, neglecting all the external disturbances, information processing systems are now exposed to the complexity and the aleas of the physical environment, open and uncontrolled. Indeed, as envisioned by Mark Weiser as early as 1991, the progresses made on wireless communications, energy storage and the miniaturization of computer components, made it possible the fusion of the physical and digital worlds. This fusion is embodied in a set of concepts such as Internet of Things, Pervasive Computing, Ubiquitous Computing, etc. From a synthesis of these different concepts, we show that beyond the simple collection of environmental data from sensors, the purpose of the information processing systems underlying these concepts is to carry out relevant actions that the processing of these data suggests in our environment. However, due to the complexity of these systems and the inability to predict the effects of their actions, the responsibility for these actions still often remains with users. Mark Weiser's vision of disappearing computing is still far from being a reality. This situation calls for an epistemological rupture that is proposed to be concretized through the systemic approach which finds its foundations in constructivism. It is no longer a question of predicting but of evaluating in vivo the effectiveness of these systems. The perspectives for such an approach are discussed.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
