高斯量子映射的非线性Onsager关系
Non-linear Onsager relations for Gaussian quantum maps
摘要：
昂萨格的关系允许一个表达热力学第二定律的基础相关的电流。然而，这些关系通常只在接近平衡时才有效。使用量子相空间制定的第二定律，我们表明，开放的玻色子高斯系统也服从一组Onsager关系，有效的任意远离平衡。然而，这些关系，被发现是由一个更复杂的非线性函数，它减少到通常的二次型接近平衡。这种非线性意味着远离平衡，从系统到浴槽的熵流之间存在根本的不对称性，反之亦然。这在驱动耗散量子光学装置中的应用的后果也进行了讨论。
英文摘要：
Onsager's relations allow one to express the second law of thermodynamics in terms of the underlying associated currents. These relations, however, are usually valid only close to equilibrium. Using a quantum phase space formulation of the second law, we show that open bosonic Gaussian systems also obey a set of Onsager relations, valid arbitrarily far from equilibrium. These relations, however, are found to be given by a more complex non-linear function, which reduces to the usual quadratic form close to equilibrium. This non-linearity implies that far from equilibrium, there exists a fundamental asymmetry between entropy flow from system to bath and vice-versa. The ramifications of this for applications in driven-dissipative quantum optical setups are also discussed.
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