基于格雷码光的高速高效三维面形测量
High-speed and high-efficiency three-dimensional shape measurement based on Gray-coded light
摘要：
条纹投影轮廓术在动态三维面形测量中的应用越来越广泛。在这项工作中，提出了一种基于格雷码光的鲁棒和高效的三维测量。与传统的相位展开方法不同，提出了一种新的三分量相位展开方法，避免了投影仪离焦和被测物体运动引起的码字边界跳跃误差。随后，提出了时间重叠编码策略，以大大提高编码效率，减少每个组中的投影数量，例如，对于一个恢复的3D帧，从7（3 + 4）减少到4（3 + 1）。两种技术的组合允许使用每4个投影图案重建具有强噪声的动态场景的像素级和明确的3D几何形状。该方法在保留了基于灰度编码的方法抗噪能力强的同时，克服了跳变错误和编码效率低的缺点。实验表明，该方法可以实现高速动态场景的高鲁棒性和高效率的三维形状测量，即使在强噪声污染下也是如此。
英文摘要：
Fringe projection profilometry has been increasingly sought and applied in dynamic three-dimensional (3D) shape measurement. In this work, a robust and high-efficiency 3D measurement based on Gray-code light is proposed. Unlike the traditional method, a novel tripartite phase unwrapping method is proposed to avoid the jump errors on the boundary of code words, which are mainly caused by the defocusing of the projector and the motion of the tested object. Subsequently, the time-overlapping coding strategy is presented to greatly increase the coding efficiency, decreasing the projected number in each group, e.g. from 7 (3 + 4) to 4 (3 + 1) for one restored 3D frame. Combination of two proposed techniques allows to reconstruct a pixel-wise and unambiguous 3D geometry of dynamic scenes with strong noise using every 4 projected patterns. The presented techniques preserve the high anti-noise ability of Gray-coded-based method while overcoming the drawbacks of jump errors and low coding efficiency. Experiments have demonstrated that the proposed method can achieve the robust and high-efficiency 3D shape measurement of high-speed dynamic scenes even polluted by strong noise.
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