具有后自动相位校正的多节点光频率传播
Multi-node optical frequency dissemination with post automatic phase correction
摘要：
我们报告了一种通过光纤链路进行激光相干传输的技术，其中通过光纤链路由环境扰动引起的光学相位噪声由远程用户用被动相位噪声校正进行补偿，而不是像传统的那样在输入端进行补偿。由于采用开环设计，既不需要鉴相，也不需要主动相位跟踪，克服了传统有源相位噪声抵消器补偿速度和补偿精度有限的技术难题。理论分析和实验证明，经过噪声补偿后，光纤残余相位噪声引入的延迟效应比传统技术提高了7倍。使用这种技术，我们演示了传输激光通过145公里长的，基于实验室的缠绕光纤。经过补偿后，在1 s平均时，以重叠Allan偏差表示的相对频率不稳定度为1.9E-15，在10, 000 s平均时，相对频率不稳定度下降到5.3E-19。通过光纤传输后的光相对于输入光的频率不确定度为-0.36 ± 2.6E-18。由于传输的光信号在到达远程站点之前保持不变，因此它可以在任意复杂的光纤网络上同时传输到多个远程站点，从而为开发具有针对多个最终用户的后自动相位噪声校正的多节点光频率传播系统铺平了道路。
英文摘要：
We report a technique for coherence transfer of laser light through a fiber link, where the optical phase noise induced by environmental perturbation via the fiber link is compensated by remote users with passive phase noise correction, rather than at the input as is conventional. Neither phase discrimination nor active phase tracking is required due to the open-loop design, mitigating some technical problems such as the limited compensation speed and the finite compensation precision as conventional active phase noise cancellation. We theoretically analyze and experimentally demonstrate that the delay effect introduced residual fiber phase noise after noise compensation is a factor of 7 higher than the conventional techniques. Using this technique, we demonstrate the transfer laser light through a 145-km-long, lab-based spooled fiber. After being compensated, the relative frequency instability in terms of overlapping Allan deviation is 1.9E-15 at 1s averaging time and scales down 5.3E-19 at 10,000 s averaging time. The frequency uncertainty of the light after transferring through the fiber relative to that of the input light is -0.36+-2.6E-18. As the transmitted optical signal remains unaltered until it reaches the remote sites, it can be transmitted simultaneously to multiple remote sites on an arbitrarily complex fiber network, paving a way to develop a multi-node optical frequency dissemination system with post automatic phase noise correction for a number of end users.
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