多地区经济中的生产外部性与分散过程
Production externalities and dispersion process in a multi-region economy
摘要：
我们考虑了一个经济地理模型，其中包含两个区域间的邻近结构：一个是货物贸易，另一个是跨区域的生产外部性。我们研究了后者的引入如何影响内生集聚的时间和工人在各地区的空间分布。随着运输成本的下降，经济经历了一个渐进的分散过程。当区域间贸易和/或生产外部性导致高运输成本时，就会出现单中心集聚，而当这些成本变得微不足道时，就会出现均匀分散（即，当距离消失时）。在多区域地理中，随着经济一体化程度的提高，生产外部性的网络结构可以决定劳动者的地理分布。如果生产外部性仅受地理距离的影响，则以郊区化的形式出现单中心的空间分布。然而，如果地理上相距遥远的成对区域通过紧密的生产联系连接起来，多中心的空间分布就可以持续。
英文摘要：
We consider an economic geography model with two inter-regional proximity structures: one governing goods trade and the other governing production externalities across regions. We investigate how the introduction of the latter affects the timing of endogenous agglomeration and the spatial distribution of workers across regions. As transportation costs decline, the economy undergoes a progressive dispersion process. Mono-centric agglomeration emerges when inter-regional trade and/or production externalities incur high transportation costs, while uniform dispersion occurs when these costs become negligibly small (i.e., when distance dies). In multi-regional geography, the network structure of production externalities can determine the geographical distribution of workers as economic integration increases. If production externalities are governed solely by geographical distance, a mono-centric spatial distribution emerges in the form of suburbanization. However, if geographically distant pairs of regions are connected through tight production linkages, multi-centric spatial distribution can be sustainable.
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