机器人权利？让我们谈谈人类福利
Robot Rights? Let's Talk about Human Welfare Instead
摘要：
“机器人权利”的辩论，以及与之相关的“机器人责任”问题，引发了人工智能伦理中一些最两极分化的立场。虽然有些人主张赋予机器人与人类同等的权利，但另一些人则持完全反对的态度，认为机器人不应该享有权利，而是应该成为我们的奴隶。立足于后笛卡尔哲学基础，我们不仅要否认机器人的“权利”，而且要否认机器人作为人类的产物和中介，是首先可以被赋予权利的东西。一旦我们将机器人视为人类的中介，我们就可以理解“机器人权利”辩论如何集中在第一世界的问题上，而牺牲了紧迫的道德问题，如机器偏见、机器引起的人类劳动剥削和隐私的侵蚀，所有这些都影响到社会上最弱势的个人。我们的结论是，如果人类是我们的出发点，人类福利是首要关注的问题，那么机器系统产生的负面影响，以及设计、销售和部署这些机器的人缺乏责任感，仍然是人工智能领域最紧迫的伦理讨论。
英文摘要：
The 'robot rights' debate, and its related question of 'robot responsibility', invokes some of the most polarized positions in AI ethics. While some advocate for granting robots rights on a par with human beings, others, in a stark opposition argue that robots are not deserving of rights but are objects that should be our slaves. Grounded in post-Cartesian philosophical foundations, we argue not just to deny robots 'rights', but to deny that robots, as artifacts emerging out of and mediating human being, are the kinds of things that could be granted rights in the first place. Once we see robots as mediators of human being, we can understand how the `robots rights' debate is focused on first world problems, at the expense of urgent ethical concerns, such as machine bias, machine elicited human labour exploitation, and erosion of privacy all impacting society's least privileged individuals. We conclude that, if human being is our starting point and human welfare is the primary concern, the negative impacts emerging from machinic systems, as well as the lack of taking responsibility by people designing, selling and deploying such machines, remains the most pressing ethical discussion in AI.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
