城市空间科学计量学面临的挑战
On the challenges ahead of spatial scientometrics focusing on the city level
摘要：
自1970年代中期以来，通过文献计量学和科学计量学数据的棱镜来衡量和评价国际研究合作的变化以及机构和国家的科学业绩已得到高度认可。空间文献计量学和科学计量学（此后的空间科学计量学）传统上侧重于考察国家和区域层面;然而，近年来，许多城市层面的空间分析已经进行。虽然城市一级的科学计量分析在决策者和统计/经济研究组织中越来越受欢迎，但文献计量学领域的研究人员在是否可以通过文献计量学和科学计量学工具观察空间单位“城市”方面存在分歧。在系统地审查了该领域的相关研究之后，发现了三个主要问题：1）没有标准化的方法来定义城市，如何划定大都市区，2）没有标准化的方法来收集和处理城市一级的文献计量学和科学计量学数据;没有明确界定城市如何能够从以它们为重点的文献计量学和科学计量学分析结果中获益。本文探讨了空间科学计量学面临的主要挑战，重点放在城市层面，并提出了一些可能的解决方案。
英文摘要：
Since the mid-1970s, it has become highly acknowledged to measure and evaluate changes in international research collaborations and the scientific performance of institutions and countries through the prism of bibliometric and scientometric data. Spatial bibliometrics and scientometrics (henceforward spatial scientometrics) have traditionally focused on examining both country and regional levels; however, in recent years, numerous spatial analyses on the city level have been carried out. While city-level scientometric analyses have gained popularity among policymakers and statistical/economic research organizations, researchers in the field of bibliometrics are divided regarding whether it is possible to observe the spatial unit 'city' through bibliometric and scientometric tools. After systematically scrutinizing relevant studies in the field, three major problems have been identified: 1) there is no standardized method of how cities should be defined and how metropolitan areas should be delineated, 2) there is no standardized method of how bibliometric and scientometric data on the city level should be collected and processed and 3) it is not clearly defined how cities can profit from the results of bibliometric and scientometric analysis focusing on them. This paper investigates major challenges ahead of spatial scientometrics, focusing on the city level and presents some possible solutions.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
