Increasing penetration of Photovoltaic (PV) generation brings an opportunity, and sometimes necessity, for this new resource to provide ancillary services such as frequency support. Recent efforts toward this goal focused mainly on the large-scale PV plants with identical subsystems but cannot handle distributed PV systems with diversities. Therefore, directly applying them to distributed PV requires repetitive control design for each unit, and thus implies huge design efforts. In this paper, we propose a novel frequency support control scheme focusing on the distributed PV to overcome the above limitation. Considering the diversities, we first derive a reduced-order aggregate model to represent the overall dynamic behaviors of a group of distributed PV. Using this model, we can then design one single frequency support controller for a large number of distributed PV without excessive design computational efforts. This controller aims at controlling the PV total output to provide frequency support to the grid. We also supplement it with the proposed inversion method to obtain individual PV's control signals from the aggregate one. The proposed reduced-order aggregate model is validated against a group of distributed PV systems represented by the detailed nonlinear models. We also demonstrate the effectiveness of proposed control scheme, including both controller and the inversion method, through time-domain simulations using a standard test system.
Distributed Supervisory Control of Discrete-Event Systems with Communication Delay
School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University（西北工业大学自动化学院）；Urban Research Plaza, Osaka City University（大阪市立大学城市研究广场）；School of Electrical Engineering, Xi¡¯an Jiaotong University（西安交通大学电气工程学院）；Systems Control Group, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto（多伦多大学电气与计算机工程系系统控制组）
This paper investigates the problem of co-synthesis of edit function and supervisor for opacity enforcement in the supervisory control of discrete-event systems (DES), assuming the presence of an external (passive) intruder, where the following goals need to be achieved: 1) the external intruder should never infer the system secret, i.e., the system is opaque, and never be sure about the existence of the edit function, i.e., the edit function remains covert; 2) the controlled plant behaviors should satisfy some safety and nonblockingness requirements, in the presence of the edit function. We f…
This paper focuses on the effective use of smart inverters for Volt/Var control (VVC) on a distribution system. New smart inverters offer Var support capability but for their effective use they need to be coordinated with existing Volt/Var schemes. A new VVC scheme is proposed to facilitate such coordination. The proposed scheme decomposes the problem into two levels. The first level uses Load Tap Changer (LTC) and Voltage Regulators (VRs) and coordinates their control with smart inverters to adjust the voltage level on the circuit to keep the voltages along the circuit within the desired rang…
On Scalable Supervisory Control of Multi-Agent Discrete-Event Systems
School of Electro-Mechanical Engineering, Xidian University（西安电子科技大学机电工程学院）；Department of Electrical & Information Engineering, Osaka City University（大阪城市大学电气与信息工程系）；Institute of Systems Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology（澳门科技大学系统工程研究所）
There is an increasing need to study the vulnerability of communication protocols in distributed systems to malicious attacks that attempt to violate properties such as safety or nonblockingness. In this paper, we propose a common methodology for formal synthesis of successful attacks against two well-known protocols, the Alternating Bit Protocol (ABP) and the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), where the attacker can always eventually win, called For-all attacks. This generalizes previous work on the synthesis of There-exists attacks for TCP, where the attacker can sometimes win. We model th…
Advanced reactors to be deployed in the coming decades will face deregulated energy markets, and may adopt flexible operation to boost profitability. To aid in the transition from baseload to flexible operation paradigm, autonomous operation is sought. This work focuses on the control aspect of autonomous operation. Specifically, a hierarchical control system is designed to support constraint enforcement during routine operational transients. Within the system, data-driven modeling, physics-based state observation, and classical control algorithms are integrated to provide an adaptable and rob…
Deep Koopman risk-preview supervised LTV-MPC for direct yaw moment control of distributed drive electric vehicles
College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Chongqing University（重庆大学机械与车辆工程学院）；Department of Automotive Engineering, Hanyang University（汉阳大学汽车工程系）；School of Vehicle Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology（重庆理工大学车辆工程学院）
Supervisor Localization of Discrete-Event Systems with Infinite Behavior
School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University（西北工业大学自动化学院）；Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Osaka City University（大阪城市大学电气与信息工程系）
Networking of microgrids can provide the operational flexibility needed for the increasing number of DERs deployed at the distribution level and supporting end-use demand when there is loss of the bulk power system. But, networked microgrids are vulnerable to cyber-physical attacks and faults due to the complex interconnections. As such, it is necessary to design resilient control systems to support the operations of networked microgrids in responses to cyber-physical attacks and faults. This paper introduces a resilient communication scheme for interconnecting multiple microgrids to support c…
A Tutorial on Autonomous Fault-Tolerant Control Using Knowledge-Grounded LLM Agents
Autonomous Industrial Systems Laboratory, Imperial College London（帝国理工学院自主工业系统实验室）；Institute of Automation Technology, Helmut Schmidt University（赫尔穆特·施密特大学自动化技术研究所）
Developing effective strategies to rapidly support grid frequency while minimizing loss in case of severe contingencies is an important requirement in power systems. While distributed responsive load demands are commonly adopted for frequency regulation, it is difficult to achieve both rapid response and global accuracy in a practical and cost-effective manner. In this paper, the cyber-physical design of an Internet-of-Things (IoT) enabled system, called Grid Sense, is presented. Grid Sense utilizes a large number of distributed appliances for frequency emergency support. It features a local p…
Semnan University（塞姆南大学）；Aalto University（阿尔托大学）；Georgia State University（佐治亚州立大学）；Tufts University（塔夫茨大学）
In this paper, we consider the binary classification problem via distributed Support-Vector-Machines (SVM), where the idea is to train a network of agents, with limited share of data, to cooperatively learn the SVM classifier for the global database. Agents only share processed information regarding the classifier parameters and the gradient of the local loss functions instead of their raw data. In contrast to the existing work, we propose a continuous-time algorithm that incorporates network topology changes in discrete jumps. This hybrid nature allows us to remove chattering that arises beca…
