用教育程序GeFiCa演示HPGe探测器场计算方法
HPGe detector field calculation methods demonstrated with an educational program, GeFiCa
摘要：
本文综述了计算各种结构高纯锗探测器内部静电势和静电场的工具和方法。并以一个新开发的教学软件GeFiCa -锗探测器场计算器为例进行了具体说明.在GeFiCa中展示的是基于连续超松弛方法的通用数值计算以及由于高度对称的探测器几何形状而可能简化的解析计算。GeFiCa是用C++编写的，作为粒子物理社区广泛使用的CERN ROOT库的扩展。各个探测器的计算代码以ROOT宏和python脚本的形式提供，与GeFiCa核心库一起分发，作为显示GeFiCa使用的示例和自定义计算的起点。它们可以在ROOT交互式会话中运行而无需编译，也可以直接从Linux shell运行。数值结果保存在ROOT树中，充分利用了ROOT中的I/O优化和绘图功能。计算的速度和精度与其他常用软件包相当，这使GeFiCa成为科学研究工具。然而，GeFiCa的主要重点是清楚地解释和演示解决泊松方程的分析和数值方法，实用的编码注意事项和可视化方法，以及密集的文档和示例宏。它作为一个一站式资源的人谁想要了解这样一个软件包的运行机制下的引擎盖。
英文摘要：
A review of tools and methods to calculate electrostatic potentials and fields inside high-purity germanium detectors in various configurations is given. The methods are illustrated concretely with a new educational program named GeFiCa - Germanium detector Field Calculator. Demonstrated in GeFiCa are generic numerical calculations based on the successive over-relaxation method as well as analytic ones whenever simplification is possible due to highly symmetric detector geometries. GeFiCa is written in C++, and provided as an extension to the CERN ROOT libraries widely used in the particle physics community. Calculation codes for individual detectors, provided as ROOT macros and python scripts, are distributed along with the GeFiCa core library, serving as both examples showing the usage of GeFiCa and starting points for customized calculations. They can be run without compilation in a ROOT interactive session or directly from a Linux shell. The numerical results are saved in a ROOT tree, making full use of the I/O optimization and plotting functionalities in ROOT. The speed and precision of the calculation are comparable to other commonly used packages, which qualifies GeFiCa as a scientific research tool. However, the main focus of GeFiCa is to clearly explain and demonstrate the analytic and numeric methods to solve Poisson's equation, practical coding considerations and visualization methods, with intensive documentation and example macros. It serves as a one-stop resource for people who want to understand the operating mechanism of such a package under the hood.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
