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arXiv 2001.02217astro-ph.EPastro-ph.SR
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一个超短周期的岩石超级地球绕着G2-star HD 80653运行

An ultra-short period rocky super-Earth orbiting the G2-star HD 80653

G. Frustagli, E. Poretti, T. Milbourne, L. Malavolta, A. Mortier, Vikash Singh, A. S. Bonomo, L. A. Buchhave, L. Zeng, A. Vanderburg, S. Udry, G. Andreuzzi, A. … 展开作者

G. Frustagli, E. Poretti, T. Milbourne, L. Malavolta, A. Mortier, Vikash Singh, A. S. Bonomo, L. A. Buchhave, L. Zeng, A. Vanderburg, S. Udry, G. Andreuzzi, A. Collier-Cameron, R. Cosentino, M. Damasso, A. Ghedina, A. Harutyunyan, R. D. Haywood, D. W. Latham, M. López-Morales, V. Lorenzi, A. F. Martinez Fiorenzano, M. Mayor, G. Micela, E. Molinari, F. Pepe, D. Phillips, K. Rice, A. Sozzetti

备注：
15 pages, 12 figures; accepted by A&A
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摘要：

超短周期行星（英语：Ultra-short-period planets，USP）是一类周期短于一天的系外行星。这个行星子群的起源仍然不清楚，不同的形成场景高度依赖于USP行星的组成。因此，要更好地了解这类系外行星，需要增加具有准确和精确质量和半径的行星样本，其中还包括对辐射水平的估计和有关可能同伴的信息。在这里，我们报告了一个USP行星周围的太阳型恒星HD 80653 $\equiv$ EP 251279430使用K2光变曲线和108精确的径向速度与HARPS-N摄谱仪，安装在国家伽利略望远镜获得的详细特征。从K2 C16的数据中，我们发现了一颗超地球行星（$R_{b}=1.613\pm0.071 R_{\oplus}$）在短周期轨道（$P_{\rm b}=0.719573\pm0.000021$ d）上经过恒星。根据我们的径向速度测量，我们将HD 80653 b的质量限制为$M_{b}=5.60\pm0.43 M_{\oplus}$。我们还发现了一个明确的长期趋势的径向速度数据。我们导出了HD 80653的基本恒星参数，确定了半径为$R_{\star}=1.22\pm0.01 R_{\odot}$，质量为$M_{\star}=1.18\pm0.04 M_{\odot}$，表明HD 80653的年龄为$2.7\pm1.2$ Gyr。这颗行星的体积密度（$ρ_{b} = 7.4 \pm 1.1$ g cm $^{-3}$）与地球一样，由岩石和铁组成，没有厚厚的大气层。我们对K2测光的分析也暗示了一个深度为8.1 $\pm$ 3.7 ppm的浅二次日食的暗示。沿着轨道相位的通量变化与零一致。最重要的贡献可能来自行星表面在$T\sim3480$ K的昼侧热辐射。

英文摘要：

Ultra-short period (USP) planets are a class of exoplanets with periods shorter than one day. The origin of this sub-population of planets is still unclear, with different formation scenarios highly dependent on the composition of the USP planets. A better understanding of this class of exoplanets will, therefore, require an increase in the sample of such planets that have accurate and precise masses and radii, which also includes estimates of the level of irradiation and information about possible companions. Here we report a detailed characterization of a USP planet around the solar-type star HD 80653 $\equiv$ EP 251279430 using the K2 light curve and 108 precise radial velocities obtained with the HARPS-N spectrograph, installed on the Telescopio Nazionale Galileo. From the K2 C16 data, we found one super-Earth planet ($R_{b}=1.613\pm0.071 R_{\oplus}$) transiting the star on a short-period orbit ($P_{\rm b}=0.719573\pm0.000021$ d). From our radial velocity measurements, we constrained the mass of HD 80653 b to $M_{b}=5.60\pm0.43 M_{\oplus}$. We also detected a clear long-term trend in the radial velocity data. We derived the fundamental stellar parameters and determined a radius of $R_{\star}=1.22\pm0.01 R_{\odot}$ and mass of $M_{\star}=1.18\pm0.04 M_{\odot}$, suggesting that HD 80653, has an age of $2.7\pm1.2$ Gyr. The bulk density ($ρ_{b} = 7.4 \pm 1.1$ g cm$^{-3}$) of the planet is consistent with an Earth-like composition of rock and iron with no thick atmosphere. Our analysis of the K2 photometry also suggests hints of a shallow secondary eclipse with a depth of 8.1$\pm$3.7 ppm. Flux variations along the orbital phase are consistent with zero. The most important contribution might come from the day-side thermal emission from the surface of the planet at $T\sim3480$ K.

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