铅下及$\boldsymbol{N=126}$外中子壳层结构初探
First Exploration of Neutron Shell Structure Below Lead and Beyond $\boldsymbol{N=126}$
摘要：
低于铅但超过126个中子的原子核对于理解产生比$r$重的原子核的天体物理过程至关重要。尽管它们的重要性，这些原子核的结构和性质仍然未经实验测试，因为它们很难在稳定束的核反应中产生。在这个区域的壳结构的第一次探索，中子激发$^{207}$汞已探测使用中子添加（$d$，$p$）反应在逆运动学。$^{206}$ Hg的放射性核束以高于库仑势垒的能量输送到新的ISOLDE螺线管光谱仪。光谱学的$^{207}$汞标志着第一步，提高我们的理解相关的结构性质的原子核参与的路径的关键部分的$r$ -过程。
英文摘要：
The nuclei below lead but with more than 126 neutrons are crucial to an understanding of the astrophysical $r$-process in producing nuclei heavier than $A\sim190$. Despite their importance, the structure and properties of these nuclei remain experimentally untested as they are difficult to produce in nuclear reactions with stable beams. In a first exploration of the shell structure of this region, neutron excitations in $^{207}$Hg have been probed using the neutron-adding ($d$,$p$) reaction in inverse kinematics. The radioactive beam of $^{206}$Hg was delivered to the new ISOLDE Solenoidal Spectrometer at an energy above the Coulomb barrier. The spectroscopy of $^{207}$Hg marks a first step in improving our understanding of the relevant structural properties of nuclei involved in a key part of the path of the $r$-process.
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