重新考虑宏观暗物质的天体物理学约束
Reconsidering astrophysical constraints on macroscopic dark matter
摘要：
宏观暗物质--“宏”--指的是粒子暗物质的一大类替代候选者，其参数空间的区域仍然未被探测到。这些候选者将主要通过弹性散射以近似它们的几何横截面来传递能量。对于足够大的横截面，如果一个宏以热核逃逸的形式穿过白矮星或中子星等致密天体，分别导致IA型超新星或超级爆发，线性能量沉积可以产生可观测的信号。我们更新了白矮星的约束。这些在重要方面比以前推断的要弱，这是因为我们对宏观粒子穿过白矮星的过程进行了更仔细的处理，而且对必须加热才能启动逃逸的区域的大小采取了更保守的态度。另一方面，我们放置更严格的限制宏在低横截面，使用新的数据从蒙特利尔白矮星数据库。新的限制是从低质量X射线双星4U 1820-30推断出来的，在这颗双星中，连续的超级爆发之间相隔了十多年。更新的微透镜的限制也有报道。
英文摘要：
Macroscopic dark matter -- "macros"-- refers to a broad class of alternative candidates to particle dark matter with still unprobed regions of parameter space. These candidates would transfer energy primarily through elastic scattering with approximately their geometric cross-section. For sufficiently large cross-sections, the linear energy deposition could produce observable signals if a macro were to pass through compact objects such as white dwarfs or neutron stars in the form of thermonuclear runaway, leading to a type IA supernova or superburst respectively. We update the constraints from white dwarfs. These are weaker than previously inferred in important respects because of more careful treatment of the passage of a macro through the white dwarf and greater conservatism regarding the size of the region that must be heated to initiate runaway. On the other hand, we place more stringent constraints on macros at low cross-section, using new data from the Montreal White Dwarf Database. New constraints are inferred from the low mass X-ray binary 4U 1820-30, in which more than a decade passed between successive superbursts. Updated microlensing constraints are also reported.
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