El Niño & La Niña的电流产生机制--基于集成ESMD方法的数据证据
Current-Generating Mechanism for El Niño & La Niña, an Data Evidence from Integrated ESMD Method
摘要：
与强调赤道东西反馈的经典理论不同，采用极值点对称模态分解（ESMD）方法对数据分析，支持了厄尔尼诺-南方涛动（ENSO）周期是水平相关的而不是垂直相关的新观点。海流变化与海表温度异常之间的一致性导致了厄尔尼诺和拉尼娜事件的海流生成机制。相应的新发现是：（1）中、东太平洋正异常的主要原因分别是中赤道逆流（CECC）的出现和北赤道逆流（NECC）的增强。(2)除CECC的贡献外，中、东太平洋型厄尔尼诺事件的启动主要是由中美洲高温海区的暖水向南输送和NECC东部低速间隙的暖水向南输送造成的。(3)南赤道洋流的北支和南支分别对东太平洋和中太平洋负异常有贡献。特别是后者，从东南向赤道太平洋中部直接输送冷水，这意味着ENSO不对称问题的破解。
英文摘要：
Different to classical theories which emphasize east--west feedback along the equator, data analyses via the extreme-point symmetric mode decomposition (ESMD) method support a new viewpoint that the El Niño--Southern Oscillation (ENSO) cycle is horizontally dependent, rather than vertically dependent. The consistency between the ocean current changes and sea-surface temperature anomalies results in a current-generating mechanism for El Niño and La Niña events. The corresponding new findings are as follows: (1) The appearance of the Central Equatorial Countercurrent (CECC) and the enhancement of the North Equatorial Countercurrent (NECC) are primary causes for the occurrences of positive anomalies in the central and eastern Pacific, respectively. (2) In addition to the contribution from the CECC, initiations of the eastern and central Pacific types of El Niño events are mainly caused by the southward transport of warm water from the high-temperature sea-area off Central America, and from the eastern low-speed gap of the NECC, respectively. (3) The northern and southern branches of the South Equatorial Current contribute to the negative anomalies in the eastern and central Pacific, respectively. Particularly, the later transfers cold water from the southeast to the central equatorial Pacific in a direct way, and this implies the crack of the ENSO-asymmetry problem.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
