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arXiv 1911.02468quant-ph
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利用数态和分束器制备纠缠薛定谔猫态

Generating entangled Schrodinger cat states using a number state and a beam splitter

S. U. Shringarpure, J. D. Franson

摘要:

将光子数态通过平衡分束器将产生纠缠态,其中两个输出光束的相位高度相关。这种纠缠态可以被看作是薛定谔猫态的一种推广形式,其中所有可能的相位都有相等的概率振幅。我们表明,贝尔不等式可以违反使用这种纠缠态和两个遥远的测量设备,包括一个单光子干涉仪与克尔介质中的一个路径,一组单光子探测器,和基于零差测量的后选择。这些纠缠态对光子损失很敏感,违反贝尔不等式要求损失本身很小,或者使用线性光学技术使其影响最小化[M. Micuda等人,物理修订版信函109,180503(2012)]。有些令人惊讶的是,使用公平的抽样假设是不需要违反贝尔不等式,尽管使用后选择,如果测量是在正确的顺序。

英文摘要:

Passing a photon number state through a balanced beam splitter will produce an entangled state in which the phases of the two output beams are highly correlated. This entangled state can be viewed as a generalized form of a Schrodinger cat state where there is an equal probability amplitude for all possible phases. We show that Bell's inequality can be violated using this entangled state and two distant measuring devices that consist of a single-photon interferometer with a Kerr medium in one path, a set of single-photon detectors, and postselection based on a homodyne measurement. These entangled states are sensitive to photon loss and a violation of Bell's inequality requires either that the losses are inherently small or that their effects have been minimized using linear optics techniques [M. Micuda et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, 180503 (2012)]. Somewhat surprisingly, the use of the fair sampling assumption is not required for a violation of Bell's inequality despite the use of postselection if the measurements are made in the correct order.

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