在大质量引力中重新审视黑洞热力学：带电粒子吸收和尘埃壳层下落
Revisiting black hole thermodynamics in massive gravity: charged particle absorption and shell of dust falling
摘要：
我们用两种方法研究了大质量黑洞在正常和扩展热力学相空间中的变化。第一种方法包括被黑洞吸收的带电粒子，而第二种方法包括落入黑洞的尘埃壳。采用前一种方法，在正常相空间中总是满足热力学第一和第二定律，而在扩展相空间中，也满足热力学热力学第一定律，但热力学第二定律的有效性取决于模型参数。应用后一种方法，热力学第一和第二热力学定律都成立。我们认为，用前一种方法违反热力学第二定律的可能原因是假设黑洞的内能变化等于粒子的能量。最后，我们证明了事件视界总是存在的，以保证弱宇宙监督在两个相空间中的有效性，这意味着热力学第二定律在假设下的违反并不影响弱宇宙监督猜想。这进一步支持了我们的论点，即第一种方法中的假设可能是违反法律的原因，需要更深入的处理。
英文摘要：
We study the variation of the massive black hole in both normal and extended thermodynamic phase spaces via two methods. The first method includes a charged particle absorbed by the black hole, while the second method includes a shell of dust falling into the black hole. Using the former method, the first and second laws of thermodynamics are always satisfied in the normal phase space, while in the extended phase space, the first law of thermodynamics is also satisfied, but the validity of the second law of thermodynamics depends on the model parameters. Applying the latter method, the first and second laws of thermodynamics are both valid. We argue that the possible reason for the violation of the second law of thermodynamics via the former method may be attributed to the assumption that the change of internal energy of the black hole is equal to the energy of the particle. Finally, we show that the event horizon always exists to guarantee the validity of the weak cosmic censorship in both phase spaces, which means that the violation of the second law of thermodynamics under the assumption does not affect the weak cosmic censorship conjecture. This further supports our argument that the assumption in the first method may be the reason for the violation of the law and it requires deeper treatment.
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