黑洞形成前星系形成中喷流驱动的活动星系核反馈
Jet-driven active galactic nucleus feedback in galaxy formation before black hole formation
摘要：
我们提出了一个方案，在星系形成的活动星系核（AGN）的反馈机制开始之前形成的超大质量黑洞（SMBH）。SMBH的超大质量恒星（SMS）祖先在生长和发射喷流时吸积质量。我们模拟了小卫星的演化过程，结果表明小卫星从其表面的逃逸速度约为10^3 km/s，具有很大的不确定性。我们不能收敛的参数的进化数值代码MESA解决SMS进化的不确定性。在假设喷流携带SMS质量的10%的情况下，我们证明了喷流中的能量是星系/凸起中气体结合能的很大一部分。因此，SMBH的SMS祖先发射的喷流携带了足够的能量，可以与星系/凸起的内部区域的气体建立反馈循环，从而确定了恒星总质量和SMS质量之间的关系。当SMS坍缩形成中心的SMBH时，新生的SMBH质量和星系/核球的恒星质量之间已经存在关系（相关性）。在SMBH的形成过程中，它迅速地从坍缩的SMS中吸积质量，并发射出非常高能的喷流，这可能会使星系/凸起中的大部分气体脱离束缚。
英文摘要：
We propose a scenario where during galaxy formation an active galactic nucleus (AGN) feedback mechanism starts before the formation of a supermassive black hole (SMBH). The supermassive star (SMS) progenitor of the SMBH accretes mass as it grows and launches jets. We simulate the evolution of SMSs and show that the escape velocity from their surface is approximately several 10^3 km/s, with large uncertainties. We could not converge with the parameters of the evolutionary numerical code MESA to resolve the uncertainties for SMS evolution. Under the assumption that the jets carry about ten percent of the mass of the SMS, we show that the energy in the jets is a substantial fraction of the binding energy of the gas in the galaxy/bulge. Therefore, the jets that the SMS progenitor of the SMBH launches carry sufficient energy to establish a feedback cycle with the gas in the inner zone of the galaxy/bulge, and hence, set a relation between the total stellar mass and the mass of the SMS. As the SMS collapses to form the SMBH at the center, there is already a relation (correlation) between the newly born SMBH mass and the stellar mass of the galaxy/bulge. During the formation of the SMBH it rapidly accretes mass from the collapsing SMS and launches very energetic jets that might unbind most of the gas in the galaxy/bulge.
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