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arXiv 1910.00534hep-phgr-qchep-th
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Higgs质量和引力波的宇宙时间演化

Cosmological Time Evolution of the Higgs Mass and Gravitational Waves

Xavier Calmet

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摘要：

我们指出，引力波探测器，如LISA有潜力探测希格斯玻色子的自耦合常数$λ$的宇宙学时间演化，从而希格斯玻色子的质量$m_H= \sqrt{ 2 λ} v$。如果希格斯粒子的质量在$T_\star \ge 100$ GeV的温度下低于72 GeV，那么标准模型的相变可能是一阶相变。因此，在电弱相变过程中可能产生了引力波。LISA发现了特征频率为$k_\star \ge 10^{-5}$ Hz的引力波随机背景，这可以解释为希格斯玻色子自耦合常数过去较小的迹象。如果大型强子对撞机在看到这种波时还没有发现任何超越标准模型的物理学，这种解释将特别诱人。同样的机制也可以解释重子发生。

英文摘要：

We point out that gravitational wave detectors such as LISA have the potential of probing a cosmological time evolution of the Higgs boson self-coupling constant $λ$ and thus the Higgs boson's mass $m_H= \sqrt{ 2 λ} v$. The phase transition of the Standard Model could have been a first order one if the Higgs mass was below 72 GeV at a temperature $T_\star \ge 100$ GeV. Gravitational waves could thus have been produced during the electroweak phase transition. A discovery by LISA of a stochastic background of gravitational waves with a characteristic frequency $k_\star \ge 10^{-5}$ Hz could be interpreted as a sign that the Higgs boson self-coupling constant was smaller in the past. This interpretation would be particularly tempting if the Large Hadron Collider did not discover any physics beyond the Standard Model by the time such waves are seen. The same mechanism could also account for baryogenesis.

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