再看红移漂移和反向反应猜想
Another look at redshift drift and the backreaction conjecture
摘要：
早期的研究已经证实，红移漂移是由空间平均量描述的，因此如果宇宙的平均膨胀加速，红移漂移就会变成正值。这个结论是重新评估这里考虑精确的光传播在一个简单的玩具模型与平均加速膨胀。玩具模型和光传播设置被明确地设计用于空间平均值和沿光线的平均值之间的一致性。虽然它被证实，红移距离的关系，以及在这个设置中的平均量描述，发现红移漂移不是。具体地说，尽管模型的平均后期加速膨胀，红移漂移是负的。这一结果意味着，测量红移漂移信号在低红移给出了直接证伪的逆反应猜想的潜力。然而，结果是基于一个玩具模型，所以它在原则上是可能的，结果是一个人工制品和红移漂移是在现实中很好地描述了空间平均量。因此，结果突出了发展\emph{exact}解决方案的爱因斯坦方程，表现出平均加速膨胀没有本地扩展，使空间平均值和观测之间的关系可以牢固地建立的重要性。
英文摘要：
Earlier studies have conjectured that redshift drift is described by spatially averaged quantities and thus becomes positive if the average expansion of the Universe accelerates. This conclusion is reevaluated here by considering exact light propagation in a simple toy-model with average accelerated expansion. The toy-model and light propagation setup is explicitly designed for concordance between spatial averages and averages along light rays. While it is verified that redshift-distance relations are well described by average quantities in this setup, it is found that the redshift drift is not. Specifically, the redshift drift is negative despite the on-average late-time accelerated expansion of the model. This result implies that measuring redshift drift signals at low redshifts gives the potential for directly falsifying the backreaction conjecture. However, the results are based on a toy-model so it is in principle possible that the result is an artifact and that redshift drift is in reality well described by spatially averaged quantities. The result therefore highlights the importance of developing \emph{exact} solutions to the Einstein equations which exhibit average accelerated expansion without local expansion so that the relation between spatial averages and observations can be firmly established.
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