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arXiv 1909.13428cs.LGstat.ML
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基于深度强化学习和模仿学习的大规模多交叉口交通信号张量协同控制

Tensor-based Cooperative Control for Large Scale Multi-intersection Traffic Signal Using Deep Reinforcement Learning and Imitation Learning

Tsinghua University(清华大学)

Yusen Huo, Qinghua Tao, Jianming Hu

摘要:

交通信号控制一直被认为是智能交通系统中的一个重要课题。大多数现有的学习方法主要集中在孤立的交叉点,并遭受效率低下的训练。针对大规模多交叉口交通信号协同控制问题,建立了一种基于端到端学习的协同控制模型,并提出了相应的有效训练方法。在该模型中,输入的交通状态在多个交叉口表示为一个张量,这不仅显着降低了维数比使用单一的矩阵,但也避免了信息丢失。在输出端,控制策略采用多维布尔向量表示信号状态是否发生变化,简化了表示形式,符合实际相位变化规律。该模型采用多任务学习结构,通过学习获得协作策略。与单纯用强化学习对模型进行训练不同,我们采用模仿学习将基于规则的模型与神经网络结合起来进行预训练,从而提供了一个可靠的、令人满意的阶段解,并大大加快了收敛速度。然后,采用强化学习方法继续进行精细训练,并结合近端策略优化算法解决多维输出情况下的策略崩溃问题。在数值实验中,所提出的模型的优点与相关的国家的最先进的方法进行了比较。

英文摘要:

Traffic signal control has long been considered as a critical topic in intelligent transportation systems. Most existing learning methods mainly focus on isolated intersections and suffer from inefficient training. This paper aims at the cooperative control for large scale multi-intersection traffic signal, in which a novel end-to-end learning based model is established and the efficient training method is proposed correspondingly. In the proposed model, the input traffic status in multi-intersections is represented by a tensor, which not only significantly reduces dimensionality than using a single matrix but also avoids information loss. For the output, a multidimensional boolean vector is employed for the control policy to indicate whether the signal state changes or not, which simplifies the representation and abides the practical phase changing rules. In the proposed model, a multi-task learning structure is used to get the cooperative policy by learning. Instead of only using the reinforcement learning to train the model, we employ imitation learning to integrate a rule based model with neural networks to do the pre-training, which provides a reliable and satisfactory stage solution and greatly accelerates the convergence. Afterwards, the reinforcement learning method is adopted to continue the fine training, where proximal policy optimization algorithm is incorporated to solve the policy collapse problem in multi-dimensional output situation. In numerical experiments, the advantages of the proposed model are demonstrated with comparison to the related state-of-the-art methods.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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