交叉磁场退磁的磁带堆叠：3D建模和测量
Cross-field demagnetization of stacks of tapes: 3D modelling and measurements
摘要：
超导带的堆叠可以捕获比传统磁体高得多的磁场。这使得它们非常有希望用于电动机和发电机。然而，这些机器中的波纹磁场呈现出使叠层退磁的交叉场分量。目前，交叉场退磁的测量和建模之间没有定量的一致性，主要是由于需要考虑端部效应和实际微米厚超导层的3D模型。本文介绍了3D建模和测量的交叉磁场退磁堆叠多达5磁带和初始磁化建模堆叠多达15磁带。交叉场退磁的3D建模明确地示出了在垂直于带表面的方向上的临界电流密度$J_c$在交叉场退磁中不起作用。考虑到$J_c$测量的各向异性磁场依赖性，3D计算与测量结果的偏差小于4%，而2D建模的误差要高得多。然后，我们的三维数值方法可以现实地预测交叉磁场退磁。由于堆叠中部分电流密度J的无力配置，与实验更好的一致性可能需要测量整个立体角范围的Jc各向异性，包括平行于磁场的$J$。
英文摘要：
Stacks of superconducting tapes can trap much higher magnetic fields than conventional magnets. This makes them very promising for motors and generators. However, ripple magnetic fields in these machines present a cross-field component that demagnetizes the stacks. At present, there is no quantitative agreement between measurements and modeling of cross-field demagnetization, mainly due to the need of a 3D model that takes the end effects and real micron-thick superconducting layer into account. This article presents 3D modeling and measurements of cross-field demagnetization in stacks of up to 5 tapes and initial magnetization modeling of stacks of up to 15 tapes. 3D modeling of the cross-field demagnetization explicitly shows that the critical current density, $J_c$, in the direction perpendicular to the tape surface does not play a role in cross-field demagnetization. When taking the measured anisotropic magnetic field dependence of $J_c$ into account, 3D calculations agree with measurements with less than 4 % deviation, while the error of 2D modeling is much higher. Then, our 3D numerical methods can realistically predict cross-field demagnetization. Due to the force-free configuration of part of the current density, J, in the stack, better agreement with experiments will probably require measuring the Jc anisotropy for the whole solid angle range, including $J$ parallel to the magnetic field.
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