震荡与发电机之歌：HIMAG计划中星系团合并的数值研究
A Song of Shocks and Dynamo: Numerical Studies of a Galaxy Cluster Merger in the HIMAG Project
摘要：
利用在Jülich超级计算机上运行的ENZO模拟，我们以前所未有的动态范围研究了最大宇宙结构（即星系团和连接它们的细丝）中磁场的演化。这些模拟揭示了欧拉宇宙学磁流体动力学模拟中小尺度发电机的充分发展。在团簇形成过程中发展的湍流运动是足够的能量，以促进几个数量级的磁场的增长，从弱磁场到强度$\sim \rm μG$的观察。此外，冲击波在团簇形成期间发射，它们能够加速宇宙射线电子，这些电子以无线电波长发射。对这种辐射的无线电观测提供了关于当地磁场强度的信息。我们已经纳入，第一次，宇宙射线电子的冷却时，模拟这种排放。在这篇文章中，我们提出了我们在模拟这些物理过程的进展。在这里，我们主要集中在我们的星系团样本中最有趣的对象，它显示了磁场的复杂性和现有的和未来的多波长观测在$\sim$兆秒差距尺度上的弱碰撞等离子体研究中的潜力。
英文摘要：
With ENZO simulations run on the Jülich supercomputers, we have investigated the evolution of magnetic fields in the largest cosmic structures (namely galaxy clusters and filaments connecting them) with unprecedented dynamical range. These simulations revealed the full development of the small-scale dynamo in Eulerian cosmological magneto-hydrodynamical simulations. The turbulent motions developed during the formation of clusters are energetic enough to foster the growth of magnetic fields by several orders of magnitude, starting from weak magnetic fields up strengths of $\sim \rm μG$ as observed. Furthermore, shock waves are launched during cluster formation and they are able to accelerate cosmic-ray electrons, that emit in the radio wavelengths. Radio observations of this emission provide information on the local magnetic field strength. We have incorporated, for the first time, the cooling of cosmic-ray electrons when modelling this emission. In this contribution, we present our advances in modelling these physical processes. Here, we mostly focus on the most interesting object in our sample of galaxy clusters, which shows the complexity of magnetic fields and the potential of existing and future multi-wavelengths observations in the study of the weakly collisional plasma on $\sim$ Megaparsecs scales.
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