ISODAR中微子实验的屏蔽设计
Shielding Design for the ISODAR Neutrino Experiment
摘要：
IsoDAR无菌中微子搜索需要非常高强度的中微子源。对于IsoDAR，这种高强度是使用来自60 MeV，10 mA质子束的高中子通量产生的，该质子束撞击铍靶，该铍靶淹没了高浓缩Li-7的套筒。通过中子俘获，Li-7转化为Li-8，其β衰变为非常短的基线中微子实验提供所需的高中微子通量。目标可以放置在非常靠近现有大型中微子探测器的地方，这些探测器通常位于地下深处以减少背景。在这样的设置下，有必要为靶设计一个屏蔽罩，以防止中子引起靠近靶的岩壁的不可接受的活化。各种材料已经被研究，包括钢热的高能中子和两种新类型的混凝土开发的杰斐逊实验室，一个非常轻的碎塑料骨料，另一个富含大量的硼。屏蔽是不对称的，朝向探测器具有更大的厚度，以抑制中微子探测器中的中子和伽马背景。岩石激活和探测器背景的模拟结果。
英文摘要：
The IsoDAR sterile-neutrino search requires a very high intensity neutrino source. For IsoDAR, this high intensity is produced using the high neutron flux from a 60 MeV, 10 mA proton beam striking a beryllium target that floods a sleeve of highly-enriched Li-7. Through neutron capture the Li-7 is transmuted to Li-8, which beta-decays giving the desired high neutrino flux for very-short baseline neutrino experiments. The target can be placed very close to can existing large neutrino detector, which is typically located deep underground to reduce backgrounds. With such a setup, it is necessary to design a shielding enclosure for the target to prevent neutrons from causing unacceptable activation of the rock walls close to the target. Various materials have been studied including steel to thermalize the high energy neutrons and two new types of concrete developed by Jefferson Laboratory, one very light with shredded plastic aggregate, and the other one enriched with high quantities of boron. The shielding is asymmetrical, having a larger thickness towards the detector in order to suppress the neutron and gamma background in the neutrino detector. Simulation results for rock activation and for detector backgrounds are presented.
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