相干驱动光子晶体中的超辐射、超方向性和效率提升
Superradiation, Superdirectivity and Efficiency Boosting in Coherently Driven Antennas
摘要：
也就是说，将局域或波导模式转换成自由传播场以及将自由传播场转换成局域或波导模式的元件是跨越包括微波和光学的整个电磁波频谱的无线技术的重要组件。尽管光学天线通常由单个源或多个源非相干地馈电，但是最近的研究证明了共振纳米结构引起量子源自发发射同步的能力，即，迪克超辐射效应仍然很少探索的是相干激励如何影响天线性能：其多极成分，方向性，效率和Purcell效应。在本文中，我们研究了由两个相干源激励的天线，并证明了这种方法可以提高天线的性能。为了使讨论独立的频率范围，我们限制的考虑全介质天线，吸引了显着的兴趣，在微波和光学。我们探讨了由两个偶极子源相干激励介质天线，使得它可以控制多极子，从而提高超辐射和增强方向性。有趣的是，它使激发非辐射场组态、阿那极态以及按需开启和关闭它成为可能。值得注意的是，这种方法还允许在不改变天线几何形状的情况下减少猝灭效应并提高辐射效率。我们设计了一个介电亚波长相干驱动天线工作在超方向和超辐射制度，同时与总的增强因子超过2000。
英文摘要：
Antennas, i.e., elements transforming localized or waveguide modes into freely propagating fields and vice versa, are vital components for wireless technologies across the entire spectrum of electromagnetic waves, including microwaves and optics. Although optical antennas are usually fed by either a single source or many sources incoherently, recent studies demonstrate an ability of resonant nanostructures to cause the synchronization of quantum source spontaneous emission, i.e., Dicke superradiance effect. What remains poorly explored is how the coherent excitation can affect antenna performance: its multipole composition, directivity, efficiency, and Purcell effect. In this paper, we investigate an antenna excited by two coherent sources and demonstrate that this approach can boost antenna performance. To make the discussion independent of the frequency range, we restrict the consideration by all-dielectric antennas, which attract significant interest in both microwaves and optics. We explore that coherent excitation of a dielectric antenna by two dipole sources makes it feasible to control the multipoles resulting in boosted superradiance and enhanced directivity. Interestingly, it makes possible excitation of nonradiative field configuration, anapole state, and turning it on and off on demand. Remarkably, this approach also allows reducing the quenching effect and enhancing the radiation efficiency without changing the antenna geometry. We design a dielectric subwavelength coherently driven antenna operating in both superdirective and superradiative regimes simultaneously with the total enhancement factor over 2000.
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