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arXiv 1909.04703math-phmath.MP
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薛定谔粒子散射的电磁规范选择

Electromagnetic gauge choice for scattering of Schrödinger particle

Andrzej Herdegen

摘要:

我们考虑一个薛定谔粒子放置在一个外部电磁场的形式典型的散射设置在场论:$F=F^\mathrm{ret}+F^\mathrm{in}=F^\mathrm{adv}+F^\mathrm{out}$,其中电流产生$F^{\mathrm{ret}/\mathrm{adv}}$有过去和未来的渐近线均匀度$-3$,和自由场$F^{\mathrm{in}/\mathrm{out}}$是辐射场所产生的电流具有类似的渐近行为。我们表明,与适当的电磁规范的选择,粒子有“在”和“出”的状态达到没有进一步修改的渐近动力学。我们使用了一个特殊的量子力学演化“图像”,其中自由演化算子对$t\to\pm\infty$有明确的限制,因此散射波算子不需要自由演化抵消。在这种情况下波算子的存在性是成立的,但渐近完备性的证明是不完整的:需要更精确的描述粒子的渐近行为的$|\mathbf{x}|=|t|$。

英文摘要:

We consider a Schrödinger particle placed in an external electromagnetic field of the form typical for scattering settings in the field theory: $F=F^\mathrm{ret}+F^\mathrm{in}=F^\mathrm{adv}+F^\mathrm{out}$, where the current producing $F^{\mathrm{ret}/\mathrm{adv}}$ has the past and future asymptotes homogeneous of degree $-3$, and the free fields $F^{\mathrm{in}/\mathrm{out}}$ are radiation fields produced by currents with similar asymptotic behavior. We show that with appropriate choice of electromagnetic gauge the particle has 'in' and 'out' states reached with no further modification of the asymptotic dynamics. We use a special quantum-mechanical evolution 'picture' in which the free evolution operator has well-defined limits for $t\to\pm\infty$, thus the scattering wave operators do not need the free evolution counteraction. The existence of wave operators in this setting is established, but the proof of asymptotic completeness is not complete: more precise characterization of the asymptotic behavior of the particle for $|\mathbf{x}|=|t|$ would be needed.

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