空间等离子体中的粒子赋能：朝向多点、多尺度等离子体观测站。ESA科学计划中的Voyage 2050长期计划白皮书
Particle Energization in Space Plasmas: Towards a Multi-Point, Multi-Scale Plasma Observatory. A White Paper for the Voyage 2050 long-term plan in the ESA's Science Programme
摘要：
本白皮书概述了通过未来欧空局任务解决基础科学主题的重要性<How are charged particles energized in space plasmas >。白皮书提出了五个引人注目的科学问题，涉及冲击、重连、波和湍流、喷流及其组合对粒子的影响。解决这些问题需要解决尺度耦合，非线性和非平稳性，这是现有的多点观测无法做到的。需要从一个多点、多尺度的L级等离子体观测站进行现场测量，该观测站至少由7个航天器组成，涵盖流体、离子和电子尺度。等离子体观测站将使我们对粒子物理学和一般空间等离子体物理学的理解发生范式转变，对太阳和天体物理等离子体产生非常重要的影响。这将是继Cluster、THEMIS和MMS之后，欧洲空间等离子体界非常活跃的下一个合乎逻辑的步骤。作为未来ESA Voyage 2035-2050科学计划的基石任务之一，它将进一步加强欧洲在这一重要领域的科学和技术领导地位。
英文摘要：
This White Paper outlines the importance of addressing the fundamental science theme <<How are charged particles energized in space plasmas>> through a future ESA mission. The White Paper presents five compelling science questions related to particle energization by shocks, reconnection,waves and turbulence, jets and their combinations. Answering these questions requires resolving scale coupling, nonlinearity and nonstationarity, which cannot be done with existing multi-point observations. In situ measurements from a multi-point, multi-scale L-class plasma observatory consisting of at least 7 spacecraft covering fluid, ion and electron scales are needed. The plasma observatory will enable a paradigm shift in our comprehension of particle energization and space plasma physics in general, with very important impact on solar and astrophysical plasmas. It will be the next logical step following Cluster, THEMIS and MMS for the very large and active European space plasmas community. Being one of the cornerstone missions of the future ESA Voyage 2035-2050 science program, it would further strengthen the European scientific and technical leadership in this important field.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
