tissue发育过程中克隆动态的普遍性
Universality of clone dynamics during tissue development
摘要：
复杂器官的出现是由前体细胞的协调增殖、迁移和分化驱动的。这些细胞的命运行为反映在它们的后代（称为克隆）的时间进化中，这是一个关键的实验观察点。在成体组织中，细胞动力学受到稳态条件的限制，基于转基因动物模型的克隆追踪研究促进了我们对疾病中细胞命运行为及其失调的理解。但是，我们可以从发育中的克隆动态学中学到什么呢？在发育过程中，克隆的空间凝聚力会因组织生长过程中的组织变形而受损。利用克隆追踪研究的结果，我们表明，尽管器官发育很复杂，但克隆动态可能会收敛到一个临界状态，其特征是克隆大小的普遍缩放行为。通过将克隆动力学映射到气溶胶的经典理论的概括上，我们阐明了尺度行为的起源和范围，并展示了如何识别普遍的尺度依赖性，可以从实验中提取特定的谱系信息。我们的研究表明，统计物理学的核心概念出现在一个意想不到的背景下，确定细胞系统作为一个实验室，研究非平衡统计物理。
英文摘要：
The emergence of complex organs is driven by the coordinated proliferation, migration and differentiation of precursor cells. The fate behaviour of these cells is reflected in the time evolution their progeny, termed clones, which serve as a key experimental observable. In adult tissues, where cell dynamics is constrained by the condition of homeostasis, clonal tracing studies based on transgenic animal models have advanced our understanding of cell fate behaviour and its dysregulation in disease. But what can be learned from clonal dynamics in development, where the spatial cohesiveness of clones is impaired by tissue deformations during tissue growth? Drawing on the results of clonal tracing studies, we show that, despite the complexity of organ development, clonal dynamics may converge to a critical state characterized by universal scaling behaviour of clone sizes. By mapping clonal dynamics onto a generalization of the classical theory of aerosols, we elucidate the origin and range of scaling behaviours and show how the identification of universal scaling dependences may allow lineage-specific information to be distilled from experiments. Our study shows the emergence of core concepts of statistical physics in an unexpected context, identifying cellular systems as a laboratory to study non-equilibrium statistical physics.
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