通过梯度折射率透镜级联的复杂矢量光学
Complex vectorial optics through gradient index lens cascades
摘要：
渐变折射率（GRIN）透镜通常用于紧凑型成像系统。人们并没有广泛认识到，产生旋转对称GRIN透镜折射率分布的离子交换过程也会导致对称双折射变化。这种特性通常被认为是一种滋扰，使得制造过程被优化以将其保持在最低限度。在这里，我们不是避免这种双折射，而是通过使用与其他光学元件级联的GRIN透镜来理解和利用它，以在普通GRIN透镜系统中实现额外的功能。我们展示了梯度折射率级联中的双折射如何产生矢量涡旋光束和焦点，以及它如何被有利地用于提高轴向分辨率。通过使用的双折射进行分析，我们表明，梯度折射级联形成的基础上，一个新的单次拍摄的穆勒矩阵偏振与内窥镜无标记的癌症诊断的潜力。这些级联的多功能性开辟了新的技术方向。
英文摘要：
Graded index (GRIN) lenses are commonly used for compact imaging systems. It is not widely appreciated that the ion-exchange process that creates the rotationally symmetric GRIN lens index profile also causes a symmetric birefringence variation. This property is usually considered a nuisance, such that manufacturing processes are optimized to keep it to a minimum. Here, rather than avoiding this birefringence, we understand and harness it by using GRIN lenses in cascade with other optical components to enable extra functionality in commonplace GRIN lens systems. We show how birefringence in the GRIN cascades can generate vector vortex beams and foci, and how it can be used advantageously to improve axial resolution. Through using the birefringence for analysis, we show that the GRIN cascades form the basis of a new single-shot Mueller matrix polarimeter with potential for endoscopic label-free cancer diagnostics. The versatility of these cascades opens up new technological directions.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
