使用网络分析识别智能制裁背后的层次影响结构
Identifying the Hierarchical Influence Structure Behind Smart Sanctions Using Network Analysis
摘要：
聪明的制裁是外交政策中越来越受欢迎的工具。世界各地的国家和国际机构发布此类名单，通过金融资产冻结、禁运和旅行限制来制裁目标实体。发行人与此类名单中的目标实体之间的关系反映了发行人打算针对哪类实体。因此，分析几个发行者创建的目标实体的相似性，可能会为理解影响机构采取类似行动的外国政治权力结构铺平道路。本文通过分析全球主要国家和国际机构发布的智能制裁名单（73个国家、12个国际组织、1,700份名单），确定了促使这些机构采取此类行动的影响力等级结构。Helmholtz-Hodge分解是一种将网络流分解为分层梯度分量和环路分量的方法，特别适合于此任务。因此，通过对这些机构的影响力网络进行亥姆霍兹-霍奇分解，从他们发布的智能制裁名单中构建，我们可以获得有关智能制裁背后的层次影响力结构的有意义的见解。
英文摘要：
Smart sanctions are an increasingly popular tool in foreign policy. Countries and international institutions worldwide issue such lists to sanction targeted entities through financial asset freezing, embargoes, and travel restrictions. The relationships between the issuer and the targeted entities in such lists reflect what kind of entities the issuer intends to be against. Thus, analyzing the similarities of sets of targeted entities created by several issuers might pave the way toward understanding the foreign political power structure that influences institutions to take similar actions. In the current paper, by analyzing the smart sanctions lists issued by major countries and international institutions worldwide (a total of 73 countries, 12 international organizations, and 1,700 lists), we identify the hierarchical structure of influence among these institutions that encourages them to take such actions. The Helmholtz--Hodge decomposition is a method that decomposes network flow into a hierarchical gradient component and a loop component and is especially suited for this task. Hence, by performing a Helmholtz--Hodge decomposition of the influence network of these institutions, as constructed from the smart sanctions lists they have issued, we show that meaningful insights about the hierarchical influence structure behind smart sanctions can be obtained.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
