The nonlinear superposition of the delta-metric and the Kerr metric results in delta-Kerr metric that represents a deformed Kerr black hole with delta = 1 + q, where q > 0 is proportional to the nonrelativistic quadrupole moment of the collapsed configuration. We study this spacetime and determine q_{+} such that for q, 0 < q < q_{+}, the outer spacetime singularity remains a null hypersurface. In this case, delta-Kerr spacetime represents a generalized black hole, namely, an asymptotically flat, stationary and axisymmetric vacuum solution of general relativity for which the outer singularity is a closed null hypersurface. For an approximate variant of delta-Kerr spacetime characterized by mass M, quadrupole parameter q and angular momentum parameter a, where the latter two parameters are treated to first and second orders of approximation, respectively, we analytically determine the quasinormal mode (QNM) frequencies in the ray approach using the light-ring method as well as in the complementary wave approach for massless scalar field perturbations in the a = 0 limit. The QNM frequencies of delta-Kerr spacetime turn out to be nearly the same as those of the rotating Hartle-Thorne spacetime.
Quasinormal modes of a massive Dirac field were calculated for various static black hole backgrounds with the help of the WKB formula. These estimations, however, are rough and valid only for very small values of $μM$, where $M$ and $μ$ are mass of the black hole and field respectively. Thus, no accurate calculations of massive Dirac modes are known even for the Schwarzschild black hole and this is all the more so for the Kerr solution. Here we calculate quasinormal modes of a massive Dirac field in the Kerr background. We have shown that the infinitely long-lived quasinormal modes (quasireson…
In a recent paper (arXiv:1410.0694) Zilhão, Cardoso, Herdeiro, Lehner, and Sperhake have studied the nonlinear stability of Kerr-Newman black holes. We show that their numerical results for the time evolutions of the spacetime deformations of near-extremal Kerr-Newman black holes are described extremely well by a {\it universal} formula for the quasinormal resonances of the black holes. This formula is expressed in terms of the black-hole physical parameters: the horizon angular velocity $Ω_{\text{H}}$ and the Bekenstein-Hawking temperature $T_{\text{BH}}$.
Using the WKB method, we show that the peak location ($r_{\rm peak}$) of the potential, which determines the quasinormal mode frequency of the Kerr black hole, obeys an accurate empirical relation as a function of the specific angular momentum $a$ and the gravitational mass $M$. If the quasinormal mode with $a/M \sim 1$ is observed by gravitational wave detectors, we can confirm the black-hole space-time around the event horizon, $r_{\rm peak}=r_+ +O(\sqrt{1-q})$ where $r_+$ is the event horizon radius. While if the quasinormal mode is different from that of general relativity, we are forced t…
The resonant mode spectrum of the Kerr-Newman spacetime is presently unknown. These modes, called the quasinormal modes, play a central role in determining the stability of Kerr-Newman black holes and their response to perturbations. We present a new formalism, generalized from time-independent perturbation theory in quantum mechanics, for calculating the quasinormal mode frequencies of weakly charged Kerr-Newman spacetimes of arbitrary spin. Our method makes use of an original technique for applying perturbation theory to zeroth-order solutions that are not square- integrable, and it can be a…
The fundamental resonances of near-extremal Kerr black holes due to massive scalar perturbations are derived {\it analytically}. We show that there exists a critical mass parameter, $μ_c$, below which increasing the mass $μ$ of the field increases the oscillation frequency $\Re(ω)$ of the resonance. On the other hand, above the critical field mass increasing the mass $μ$ increases the damping rate $\Im(ω)$ of the mode. We confirm our analytical results by numerical computations.
So far analysis of the quasinormal spectrum of a massive charged scalar field in the black hole background has been limited by the regime of small μM and qQ, where μ, q (M, Q) are mass and charge of the field (black hole). Here we shall present a comprehensive picture of quasinormal modes, late-time tails and stability of a massive charged scalar field around Kerr-Newman black holes for any physically meaningful values of the parameters. We shall show that despite presence of the two mechanisms of superradiance (owing to black hole's rotation and charge) and the massive term creating growing b…
We analytically calculate to leading order the asymptotic form of quasinormal frequencies of Kerr black holes in four, five and seven dimensions. All the relevant quantities can be explicitly expressed in terms of elliptical integrals. In four dimensions, we confirm the results obtained by Keshest and Hod by comparing the analytic results to the numerical ones.
We use the continued fraction method to determine the eigenfrequencies associated with a scalar field around a Kerr-like black hole. The Kerr-like metric considered in this article is a subclass of the general parametrization of axisymmetric black holes proposed by Konoplya, Rezzolla and Zhidenko. In addition to its mass $M$ and specific angular momentum $a$, the black hole depends on a third parameter $η$, called the deformation parameter. We investigate how the deformation parameter affects the quasinormal modes and the quasibound states of a massive scalar field around the black hole. In pa…
The quasinormal resonant modes of massless neutral fields in near-extremal Kerr-Newman-de Sitter black-hole spacetimes are calculated in the eikonal regime. It is explicitly proved that, in the angular momentum regime ${\bar a}> \sqrt{{1-2{\barΛ}\over{4+{\barΛ}/3}}}$, the black-hole spacetimes are characterized by slowly decaying resonant modes which are described by the compact formula $\Imω(n)=κ_+\cdot(n+{1\over2})$ [here the physical parameters $\{{\bar a},κ_+,{\barΛ},n\}$ are respectively the dimensionless angular momentum of the black hole, its characteristic surface gravity, the dimensio…
Quasinormal modes of Kerr-Newman-de Sitter black holes from Heun connection formulae
Toyota Technological Institute（丰田技术研究所）；RIKEN Center for Interdisciplinary Theoretical and Mathematical Sciences (iTHEMS), RIKEN（理化学研究所交叉理论数学科学中心（iTHEMS））；Tokyo Metropolitan University（东京都立大学）；Nagoya University（名古屋大学）
The hidden Kerr/CFT proposal implies that the massless scalar wave equation in the near-region and low-frequency limit respects a hidden SL(2,R)$\times$SL(2,R) invariance in the Kerr black hole spacetime. We may use this symmetry to determine quasinormal frequencies (QNFs) of the massless scalar wave propagating around the Kerr black hole algebraically. It is shown that QNFs obtained using the hidden conformal symmetry near the horizon correspond approximately to not only those of scalar perturbation around the near-horizon region of a nearly extremal Kerr (NEK) black hole, but also those of n…
The Sasaki-Nakamura transformation gives a short-ranged potential and a convergent source term for the master equation of perturbations in the Kerr space-time. In this paper, we study the asymptotic behavior of the transformation, and present a new relaxed necessary and sufficient condition of the transformation to obtain the short-ranged potential in the assumption that the transformation converges in the far distance. Also, we discuss quasinormal mode frequencies which are determined by the information around the peak of the potential in the WKB analysis. Finally, in the extreme Kerr limit, …
In the framework of the Lorentz symmetry breaking (LSB), we investigate the quasinormal modes (QNMs) and the greybody factors (GFs) of the Kerr-like black hole spacetime obtained from the bumblebee gravity model. In particular, we analyze the scalar and fermionic perturbations of the black hole within the framework of both semi-analytic WKB method and the time domain approach. The impacts of the LSB on the bosonic/fermionic QNMs and GFs of the Kerr-like black hole are investigated in detail. The obtained results are graphically depicted and discussed.
Pole Skipping, Avoided Crossing, and Resonant Excitation in Kerr Quasinormal Modes near Algebraically Special Frequencies
Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo（宇宙线研究所，东京大学）；Department of Physics, Tokyo Metropolitan University（物理学系，东京都立大学）；Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University（汤川理论物理研究所，京都大学）
We show that the linear perturbations of any spin field in the near-zone limit of the Kerr black hole are identical to those of an AdS$_2$ black hole which enjoys the same basic properties of the Kerr black hole. Thanks to this identification, we calculate the spectrum of the quasinormal modes and the Love numbers of Kerr black holes using an AdS$_2$/CFT$_1$ correspondence and a group theoretical approach.
The quasinormal modes (QNMs) of a black hole spacetime are the free, decaying oscillations of the spacetime, and are well understood in the case of Kerr black holes. We discuss a method for computing the QNMs of spacetimes which are slightly deformed from Kerr. We mention two example applications: the parametric, turbulent instability of scalar fields on a background which includes a gravitational QNM, and the shifts to the QNM frequencies of Kerr when the black hole is weakly charged. This method may be of use in studies of black holes which are deformed by external fields or are solutions to…
Leaver's method has been the standard for computing the quasinormal mode (QNM) frequencies for a Kerr black hole (BH) for a few decades. We start with a spectral variant of Leaver's method introduced by Cook and Zalutskiy (arXiv: 1410.7698) and propose improvements in the form of computing the necessary derivatives analytically, rather than by numerical finite differencing. We also incorporate this derivative information into qnm, a Python package which finds the QNM frequencies via the spectral variant of Leaver's method. We confine ourselves to first derivatives only.
The analytical understanding of quasinormal mode ringing requires an accurate knowledge of the Green's function describing the response of the black hole to external perturbations. We carry out a comprehensive study of quasinormal mode excitation for Kerr black holes. Relying on the formalism developed by Mano, Suzuki and Takasugi, we improve and extend previous calculations of the quasinormal mode residues in the complex frequency plane ("excitation factors" B_q). Using these results we compute the "excitation coefficients" C_q (essentially the mode amplitudes) in the special case where the s…
In our recent study Ref. [1]: Eur. Phys. J. C 81, 501 (2021) , the main goal was to reveal the Lorentz symmetry breaking (LSB) effect in the rotating black holes via the greybody factor and quasinormal mode analyzes. Ding et al. [2] Kerr-like black hole solution of the bumblebee gravity model used in our paper [1] has unquestionably proven by Maluf and Muniz [3] that it is wrong. We now explain under which condition the greybody factor and quasinormal mode analyzes performed in [1] become valid. We re-make the calculations according to the condition in question and present the new results in t…
Quasinormal modes of scalar, electromagnetic, and gravitational fields in the extreme Schwarzschild-de Sitter background are known to be expressed in analytic form as eigenvalues of the Pöschl-Teller wavelike equation. We show that perturbations of fermionic fields (given by Dirac and Rarita-Schwinger equations) do not lead to the Pöschl-Teller effective potential. Nevertheless, using the Frobenius method we find quasinormal modes analytically in this case as well. We write down the analytical formula for quasinormal frequencies of the near-extreme Schwarzschild-de Sitter black holes, which is…
We compute the quasinormal frequencies of the Kerr black hole using a continued fraction method. The continued fraction method first proposed by Leaver is still the only known method stable and accurate for the numerical determination of the Kerr quasinormal frequencies. We numerically obtain not only the slowly but also the rapidly damped quasinormal frequencies and analyze the peculiar behavior of these frequencies at the Kerr limit. We also calculate the algebraically special frequency first identified by Chandrasekhar and confirm that it coincide with the $n=8$ quasinormal frequency only a…
We compute numerically the quasinormal modes of Kerr-Newman black holes in the scalar case, for which the perturbation equations are separable. Then we study different approximations to decouple electromagnetic and gravitational perturbations of the Kerr-Newman metric, computing the corresponding quasinormal modes. Our results suggest that the Teukolsky-like equation derived by Dudley and Finley gives a good approximation to the dynamics of a rotating charged black hole for Q<M/2. Though insufficient to deal with Kerr-Newman based models of elementary particles, the Dudley-Finley equation shou…
In this letter, a matrix method is employed to study the scalar quasinormal modes of Kerr as well as Kerr-Sen black holes. Discretization is applied to transfer the scalar perturbation equation into a matrix form eigenvalue problem, where the resulting radial and angular equations are derived by the method of separation of variables. The eigenvalues, quasinormal frequencies $ω$ and angular quantum numbers $λ$, are then obtained by numerically solving the resultant homogeneous matrix equation. This work shows that the present approach is an accurate as well as efficient method for investigating…
A large portion of the studies concerning the quasinormal mode frequencies of a Kerr black hole have focused only on achieving higher numerical accuracy with limited emphasis on providing their physical interpretation. In this article, we partially address this issue by computing the quasinormal mode frequency spectrum of a Kerr black hole using the theory of Regge poles. By considering the retarded Green's function of the Teukolsky equation, we establish for scalar, electromagnetic and gravitational perturbations an equation linking the Regge poles to the quasinormal frequencies and we solve …
The existence of the ergoregion of the Kerr space-time has not been confirmed observationally yet. We show that the confirmation would be possible by observing the quasinormal mode in gravitational waves. As an example, using the recent population synthesis results of Pop III binary black holes, we find that the peak of the final merger mass ($M_f$) is about $50~\rm M_{\odot}$, while the fraction of the final spin $q_f = a_f/M_f > 0.7$ needed for the confirmation of a part of ergoregion is $\sim 77\%$. To confirm the frequency of the quasinormal mode, ${\rm SNR} > 35$ is needed. The standard m…
Using the Pöshl-Teller approximation, we evaluate the neutrino quasinormal modes (QNMs) of a Kerr-Newman-de Sitter black hole. The result shows that for a Kerr-Newman-de Sitter black hole, massless neutrino perturbation of large $Λ$, positive $m$ and small value of $n$ will decay slowly.
We compute the quasinormal frequencies of rotating black holes using the continued fraction method first proposed by Leaver. The main difference with former works, is that our results are obtained by a new numerical technique which avoids the use of two dimensional root-finding routines. The technique is applied to evaluate the angular eigenvalues of Teukolsky's angular equation. This method allow us to calculate both the slowly and the rapidly damped quasinormal frequencies with excellent accuracy.
An analytic expression for the scalar quasinormal modes of the generic, spinning Kerr-$\mathrm{AdS_5}$ black holes was previously proposed by the authors in ref. 1, in terms of transcendental equations involving the Painlevé VI (PVI) $τ$ function. In this work, we carry out a numerical investigation of the modes for generic rotation parameters, comparing implementations of expansions for the PVI $τ$ function both in terms of conformal blocks (Nekrasov functions) and Fredholm determinants. We compare the results with standard numerical methods for the subcase of Schwarzschild black holes. We th…
Recent numerical relativity simulations of mergers of binary black holes suggest that the maximum final value of $a/M$ is $\sim 0.95$ for the coalescence of two equal mass black holes with aligned spins of the same magnitude $a/M=0.994$ which is close to the upper limit $a/M=0.998$ of accretion spin-up shown by Thorne. Using the WKB method, we suggest that if quasinormal modes with $a/M \sim 0.95$ are detected by the second generation gravitational wave detectors, we could confirm the strong gravity space-time based on Einstein's general relativity up to $1.33M$ which is only $\sim 1.014$ time…
We investigate quasinormal modes, greybody factor, and Hawking evaporation of a five-dimensional Kerr-anti de Sitter (AdS$_5$) black hole by solving a wave equation for a test massive scalar field in terms of the local Heun function. We clarify the distribution of the quasinormal modes satisfying the ingoing and decaying boundary conditions at the event horizon and conformal infinity, respectively, and their splitting behaviors in the complex frequency plane with respect to a variation of spin parameters. We also point out the existence of purely imaginary modes. Further, we develop a method t…
We study analytically the quasinormal mode spectrum of near-extremal (rotating) Kerr black holes. We find an analytic expression for these black-hole resonances in terms of the black-hole physical parameters: its Bekenstein-Hawking temperature T_{BH} and its horizon's angular velocity Ω, which is valid in the intermediate asymptotic regime 1<<ω<<1/T_{BH}.
We show that nearly extremal Kerr black holes have two distinct sets of quasinormal modes, which we call zero-damping modes (ZDMs) and damped modes (DMs). The ZDMs exist for all harmonic indices $l$ and $m \ge 0$, and their frequencies cluster onto the real axis in the extremal limit. The DMs have nonzero damping for all black hole spins; they exist for all counterrotating modes ($m<0$) and for corotating modes with $0\leq μ\lesssim μ_c=0.74$ (in the eikonal limit), where $μ\equiv m/(l+1/2)$. When the two families coexist, ZDMs and DMs merge to form a single set of quasinormal modes as the bla…
We provide semi-analytic expressions for quasinormal mode frequencies of slowly rotating Kerr black holes to the quadratic order in the rotation parameter. We apply the parametrized black hole quasinormal mode ringdown formalism to the Chandrasekhar-Detweiler equation and the Sasaki-Nakamura equation instead of the Teukolsky equation, and compare our result with the previous numerical calculations.
We investigate the quasinormal modes for gravitational perturbations of rotating black holes in four dimensional Anti-de Sitter (AdS) spacetime. The study of the quasinormal frequencies related to these modes is relevant to the AdS/CFT correspondence. Although results have been obtained for Schwarzschild and Reissner-Nordstrom AdS black holes, quasinormal frequencies of Kerr-AdS black holes are computed for the first time. We solve the Teukolsky equations in AdS spacetime, providing a second order and a Pade approximation for the angular eigenvalues associated to the Teukolsky angular equation…
This note addresses quasinormal mode frequencies of four-dimensional asymptotically de Sitter rotating black holes. The main motivation is that Mathematica 12.1 has implemented a new family of special functions: Heun functions. Using the fact that Teukolsky's equations for Kerr-de Sitter black holes are mapped to Heun's equations, we are able to compute their quasinormal mode frequencies by the Heun function. In this approach, Mathematica normally evaluates these frequencies to arbitrary numerical precision in a few seconds. We further discuss an application to asymptotically flat rotating bla…
We provide an in-depth investigation of quasinormal-mode oscillations of Kerr black holes with nearly extremal angular momenta. We first discuss in greater detail the two distinct types of quasinormal mode frequencies presented in a recent paper (arXiv:1212.3271). One set of modes, that we call "zero-damping modes", has vanishing imaginary part in the extremal limit, and exists for all corotating perturbations (i.e., modes with azimuthal index m being nonnegative). The other set (the "damped modes") retains a finite decay rate even for extremal Kerr black holes, and exists only for a subset of…
It has recently been shown by Yang. et. al. [Phys. Rev. D {\bf 87}, 041502(R) (2013)] that rotating Kerr black holes are characterized by two distinct sets of quasinormal resonances. These two families of quasinormal resonances display qualitatively different asymptotic behaviors in the extremal ($a/M\to 1$) black-hole limit: The zero-damping modes (ZDMs) are characterized by relaxation times which tend to infinity in the extremal black-hole limit ($\Imω\to 0$ as $a/M\to 1$), whereas the damped modes (DMs) are characterized by non-zero damping rates ($\Imω\to$ finite-values as $a/M\to 1$). In …
We study analytically the fundamental resonances of near-extremal, slowly rotating Kerr-Newman black holes. We find a simple analytic expression for these black-hole quasinormal frequencies in terms of the black-hole physical parameters: omega=m Omega-2i pi T(l+1+n), where T and Omega are the temperature and angular velocity of the black hole. The mode parameters l and m are the spheroidal harmonic index and the azimuthal harmonic index of a co-rotating mode, respectively. This analytical formula is valid in the regime Im omega << Re omega <<1/M, where M is the black-hole mass.
It is shown that the paper "Greybody radiation and quasinormal modes of Kerr-like black hole in Bumblebee gravity model", Eur. Phys. J. C 81, 501 (2021). arXiv:2102.06303, recently published in this journal is based on an incorrect result obtained by Ding et al., Eur. Phys. J. C 80, 178 (2020). arXiv:1910.02674, for a Kerr-like black hole solution.
Black-hole quasinormal modes (QNM) have been the subject of much recent attention, with the hope that these oscillation frequencies may shed some light on the elusive theory of quantum gravity. We compare numerical results for the QNM spectrum of the (rotating) Kerr black hole with an {\it exact} formula Re$ω\to T_{BH}\ln 3+Ωm$, which is based on Bohr's correspondence principle. We find a close agreement between the two. Possible implications of this result to the area spectrum of quantum black holes are discussed.
Motivated by the recent interest in quantization of black hole area spectrum, we consider the area spectrum of Kerr and extremal Kerr black holes. Based on the proposal by Bekenstein and others that the black hole area spectrum is discrete and equally spaced, we implement Kunstatter's method to derive the area spectrum for the Kerr and extremal Kerr black holes. The real part of the quasinormal frequencies of Kerr black hole used for this computation is of the form $mΩ$ where $Ω$ is the angular velocity of the black hole horizon. The resulting spectrum is discrete but not as expected uniformly…
We give an explicit expression for the frequencies of slowly damped quasinormal modes of near-extreme Kerr black holes. It follows from this expression that the near-extreme Kerr holes obey the Hod's bound: in the limit of maximal rotation, $\lim \sup ω_{IS}/T\leq π/ \hbar$, where $ω_{IS}$ is the decay rate of the slowest decaying quasinormal mode, $T$ is the black hole temperature. On the other hand, the bound is not saturated in the sense that $\lim \inf ω_{IS}/T< π/\hbar$ is a strict inequality. {\it It remains unclear} whether the bound is saturated in the sense that $\lim \sup ω_{IS}/T= π…
Confronting eikonal and post-Kerr methods with numerical evolution of scalar field perturbations in spacetimes beyond Kerr
Università di Napoli “Federico II”（那不勒斯费德里克二世大学）；Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Napoli（意大利国家核物理研究所那不勒斯分部）；University of Tübingen（蒂宾根大学）；Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute)（马克斯·普朗克引力物理学研究所（爱因斯坦研究所））；Ministero dell’Istruzione e del Merito (M.I.M., ex M.I.U.R.)（意大利教育与功绩部）；Scuola Superiore Meridionale（南方高等学院）
The quasinormal frequencies of massive scalar fields on Kerr-AdS black holes are identified with poles of a certain meromorphic family of operators, once boundary conditions are specified at the conformal boundary. Consequently, the quasinormal frequencies form a discrete subset of the complex plane and the corresponding poles are of finite rank. This result holds for a broad class of elliptic boundary conditions, with no restrictions on the rotation speed of the black hole.
We study the spectrum of quasinormal mode frequencies for a Proca field on a rotating black hole spacetime. First, we review how the introduction of field mass modifies the spectrum in the scalar-field case, leading to evanescent modes and to quasiresonance. Next, we examine the three physical polarizations of the Proca field and their relation to the electromagnetic field modes in the massless limit. Exploiting a separation of variables, we obtain a five-term recurrence relation from an appropriate ansatz for the radial function. Gaussian elimination and the modified Lentz algorithm are appli…
This paper establishes the existence of quasinormal frequencies converging exponentially to the real axis for the Klein--Gordon equation on a Kerr-AdS spacetime when Dirichlet boundary conditions are imposed at the conformal boundary. The proof is adapted from results in Euclidean scattering about the existence of scattering poles generated by time-periodic approximate solutions to the wave equation.
The universal relaxation bound suggests that the relaxation times of perturbed thermodynamical systems is bounded from below by the simple time-times-temperature (TTT) quantum relation $τ\times T\geq {{\hbar}\overπ}$. It is known that some perturbation modes of near-extremal Kerr black holes in the regime $MT_{\text{BH}}/\hbar\ll m^{-2}$ are characterized by normalized relaxation times $πτ\times T_{\text{BH}}/\hbar$ which, in the approach to the limit $MT_{\text{BH}}/\hbar\to0$, make infinitely many oscillations with a tiny constant amplitude around $1$ and therefore cannot be used directly to…
The Dirac quasinormal modes (QNMs) of the Kerr-Newman black hole are investigated using continued fraction approach. It is shown that the quasinormal frequencies in the complex $ω$ plane move counterclockwise as the charge or angular momentum per unit mass of the black hole increases. They get a spiral-like shape, moving out of their Schwarzschild or Reissner-Nordström values and "looping in" towards some limiting frequencies as the charge and angular momentum per unit mass tend to their extremal values. The number of the spirals increases as the overtone number increases but decreases as the …
We compute for the first time very highly damped quasinormal modes of the (rotating) Kerr black hole. Our numerical technique is based on a decoupling of the radial and angular equations, performed using a large-frequency expansion for the angular separation constant_{s}A_{l m}. This allows us to go much further in overtone number than ever before. We find that the real part of the quasinormal frequencies approaches a non-zero constant value which does not depend on the spin s of the perturbing field and on the angular index l: ω_R=m\varpi(a). We numerically compute \varpi(a). Leading-order co…
One of the central goals of the newborn field of gravitational wave astronomy is to test gravity in the highly nonlinear, strong field regime characterizing the spacetime of black holes. In particular, "black hole spectroscopy" (the observation and identification of black hole quasinormal mode frequencies in the gravitational wave signal) is expected to become one of the main tools for probing the structure and dynamics of Kerr black holes. In this paper we take a significant step towards that goal by constructing a "post-Kerr" quasinormal mode formalism. The formalism incorporates a parametri…
Scalar quasinormal modes of rotating black holes in parity-violating gravity
Tokyo Metropolitan University（东京都立大学）；Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University（京都大学汤川理论物理研究所）；College of Humanities and Sciences, Nihon University（日本大学文理学部）；Chulalongkorn University（朱拉隆功大学）；The University of Tokyo（东京大学）
The perturbations of the Kerr metric and the miracle of their exact solutions play a critical role in the comparison of predictions of general relativity with astrophysical observations of compact massive objects. The differential equations governing the late-time ring-down of the perturbations of the Kerr metric, the Teukolsky Angular Equation and the Teukolsky Radial Equation, can be solved analytically in terms of confluent Heun functions. In this article, we solve numerically the spectral system formed by those exact solutions and we obtain the electromagnetic (EM) spectra of the Kerr blac…
We find quasinormal spectrum of the massive scalar field in the background of the Kerr black holes. We show that all found modes are damped under the quasinormal modes boundary conditions when $μM$ is not large, thereby implying stability of the massive scalar field. This complements the region of stability determined by the Beyer inequality for large masses of the field. We show that, similar to the case of a non-rotating black holes, the massive term of the scalar field does not contribute in the regime of high damping. Thereby, the high damping asymptotic should be the same as for the massl…
We provide strong evidence that, up to $99.999\%$ of extremality, Kerr-Newman black holes (KN BHs) are linear mode stable within Einstein-Maxwell theory. We derive and solve, numerically, a coupled system of two PDEs for two gauge invariant fields that describe the most general linear perturbations of a KN BH (except for trivial modes that shift the parameters of the solution). We determine the quasinormal mode (QNM) spectrum of the KN BH as a function of its three parameters and find no unstable modes. In addition, we find that the QNMs that are connected continuously to the gravitational $\e…
More than three decades ago, Detweiler provided an analytical formula for the gravitational resonant frequencies of rapidly-rotating Kerr black holes. In the present work we shall discuss an important discrepancy between the famous {\it analytical} prediction of Detweiler and the recent {\it numerical} results of Zimmerman et. al. In addition, we shall refute the claim that recently appeared in the physics literature that the Detweiler-Teukolsky-Press resonance equation for the characteristic gravitational eigenfrequencies of rapidly-rotating Kerr black holes is not valid in the regime of damp…
