复杂网络中增强稳定性的带宽分配和资源调整
Bandwidth Allocation and Resource Adjustment for Stability Enhancement in Complex Networks
摘要：
我们引入离散格林函数来阐明如何资源波动确定流量波动的网络优化的全球成本函数。为了提高网络对波动的鲁棒性，我们提出了链路最优带宽分配和节点最优资源调整的方案。在网络总带宽一定的情况下，最优带宽分配的方法是增加链路带宽，使得在波动情况下网络中过载链路的数量或过剩流量最小。类似地，最优资源调整的方法是在网络中的总资源变化固定的情况下，在波动的网络中最小化过载链路的数目。与传统的按比例分配带宽或减少资源的方法相比，优化的带宽分配或资源调整可以大大提高网络的稳定性。最优带宽分配和资源调整方案所规定的负载和电流的变化是相互关联的，除了一些节点表现出中继效应。
英文摘要：
We introduce the discrete Green's function to elucidate how resource fluctuations determine flow fluctuations in a network optimizing a global cost function. To enhance the robustness of the network against fluctuations, we develop the schemes of optimal bandwidth allocation in links and optimal resource adjustment in nodes. With the total bandwidth of the network fixed, the approach of optimal bandwidth allocation is to increase the bandwidth in links such that the number of overloaded links or the amount of excess flows in networks under fluctuations can be minimized. Similarly, the approach of optimal resource adjustment is to minimize the number of overloaded links in networks under fluctuations with the total resource change in the network fixed. Compared with the conventional approach of proportionate bandwidth assignment or resource reduction, it is found that the optimized bandwidth allocation or resource adjustment can highly enhance the stability of the networks against fluctuations. The changes of loads and currents prescribed by the optimal bandwidth allocation and resource adjustment schemes are correlated with each other, except for some nodes that exhibit relay effects.
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