Service-oriented architecture (SOA) system has been widely utilized at many present business areas. However, SOA system is loosely coupled with multiple services and lacks the relevant security protection mechanisms, thus it can easily be attacked by unauthorized access and information theft. The existed access control mechanism can only prevent unauthorized users from accessing the system, but they can not prevent those authorized users (insiders) from attacking the system. To address this problem, we propose a behavior-aware service access control mechanism using security policy monitoring for SOA system. In our mechanism, a monitor program can supervise consumer's behaviors in run time. By means of trustful behavior model (TBM), if finding the consumer's behavior is of misusing, the monitor will deny its request. If finding the consumer's behavior is of malicious, the monitor will early terminate the consumer's access authorizations in this session or add the consumer into the Blacklist, whereby the consumer will not access the system from then on. In order to evaluate the feasibility of proposed mechanism, we implement a prototype system. The final results illustrate that our mechanism can effectively monitor consumer's behaviors and make effective responses when malicious behaviors really occur in run time. Moreover, as increasing the rule's number in TBM continuously, our mechanism can still work well.
Rapid increases in information technology also changed the existing markets and transformed them into e- markets (e-commerce) from physical markets. Equally with the e-commerce evolution, enterprises have to recover a safer approach for implementing E-commerce and maintaining its logical security. SOA is one of the best techniques to fulfill these requirements. SOA holds the vantage of being easy to use, flexible, and recyclable. With the advantages, SOA is also endowed with ease for message tampering and unauthorized access. This causes the security technology implementation of E-commerce ver…
Business requirements for rapid operational efficiency, customer responsiveness as well as rapid adaptability are actively driving the need for ever increasing communication and integration apabilities of software assets. In this context, security, although acknowledged as being a necessity, is often perceived as a hindrance. Indeed, dynamic environments require flexible and understandable security that can be customized, adapted and reconfigured dynamically to face changing requirements. In this paper, the authors propose SOA based security governance middleware that handles security requirem…
Web services security specifications are typically expressed as a mixture of XML schemas, example messages, and narrative explanations. We propose a new specification language for writing complementary machine-checkable descriptions of SOAP-based security protocols and their properties. Our TulaFale language is based on the pi calculus (for writing collections of SOAP processors running in parallel), plus XML syntax (to express SOAP messaging), logical predicates (to construct and filter SOAP messages), and correspondence assertions (to specify authentication goals of protocols). Our implement…
For interactions to be possible within the Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) ecosystem, each actor must be enough confident of other actors to engage safely in the interactions. Therefore, the establishing of objective metrics tailored to the context of SOA that show security of a system and lead to enhancements is very attractive. The purpose of our paper is to present a GQM (Goal Question Metric) approach based on Standard security metrics and on SOA maturity that can be a support for organizations to assess SOA Security and to ensure the safety of their SOA based collaborations
A Rapid evolution of mobile technologies has led to the development of more sophisticated mobile devices with better storage, processing and transmission power. These factors enable support to many types of application but also give rise to a necessity to find a model of service development. Actually, SOA (Service Oriented Architecture) is a good option to support application development. This paper presents a framework that allows the development of SOA based application in mobile environment. The objective of the framework is to give developers with tools for provision of services in this en…
An XML web service is, to a first approximation, an RPC service in which requests and responses are encoded in XML as SOAP envelopes, and transported over HTTP. We consider the problem of authenticating requests and responses at the SOAP-level, rather than relying on transport-level security. We propose a security abstraction, inspired by earlier work on secure RPC, in which the methods exported by a web service are annotated with one of three security levels: none, authenticated, or both authenticated and encrypted. We model our abstraction as an object calculus with primitives for defining a…
Now a days, a new family of web applications open applications, are emerging (e.g., Social Networking, News and Blogging). Generally, these open applications are non-confidential. The security needs of these applications are only client/server authentication and data integrity. For securing these open applications, effectively and efficiently, HTTPI, a new transport protocol is proposed, which ensures the entire security requirements of open applications. Benefit of using the HTTPI is that it is economical in use, well-suited for cache proxies, like HTTP is, and provides security against many …
Adversaries are abusing Internet security and privacy services to execute cyber attacks. To cope with these threats, network operators utilize various security tools and techniques to monitor the cyber space. An efficient way to infer Internet threat activities is to collect information from trap-based monitoring sensors. As such, this chapter primarily defines the cyberspace trap-based monitoring systems and their taxonomies. Moreover, it presents the state-of-the-art in terms of research contributions and techniques, tools and technologies. Furthermore, it identifies gaps in terms of science…
The fifth generation of mobile networks (5G) promises a range of new capabilities including higher data rates and more connected users. To support the new capabilities and use cases the 5G Core Network (5GCN) will be dynamic and reconfigurable in nature to deal with demand. It is these improvements which also introduce issues for traditional security monitoring methods and techniques which need to adapt to the new network architecture. The increased data volumes and dynamic network architecture mean an approach is required to focus security monitoring resources where it is most needed and reac…
This paper proposes a novel visual model for web applications security monitoring. Although an automated intrusion detection system can shield a web application from common attacks, it usually cannot detect more complicated break-ins. So, a human-assisted monitoring system is an indispensable complement, following the "Defense in depth" strategy. To support human operators working more effectively and efficiently, information visualization techniques are utilized in this model. A prototype implementation of this model is created and is used to test against a popular open source web application…
The world is rapidly adopting RESTful web services for most of its tasks. The once popular SOAP-based web services are fast losing ground owing to this. RESTful web services are light weight services without strict message formats. RESTful web services, unlike SOAP, are capable of message transfer in any format be it XML, JSON, plain text. However, in spite of these positives, ensuring message level security in REST is a challenge. Security in RESTful web services is still largely dependent upon transport layer security. There has been some work recently towards message level security in such …
Today, permissioned blockchains are being adopted by large organizations for business critical operations. Consequently, they are subject to attacks by malicious actors. Researchers have discovered and enumerated a number of attacks that could threaten availability, integrity and confidentiality of blockchain data. However, currently it remains difficult to detect these attacks. We argue that security experts need appropriate visualizations to assist them in detecting attacks on blockchain networks. To achieve this, we develop HyperSec, a visual analytics monitoring tool that provides relevant…
Modern web applications often rely on third-party services to provide their functionality to users. The secure integration of these services is a non-trivial task, as shown by the large number of attacks against Single Sign On and Cashier-as-a-Service protocols. In this paper we present Bulwark, a new automatic tool which generates formally verified security monitors from applied pi-calculus specifications of web protocols. The security monitors generated by Bulwark offer holistic protection, since they can be readily deployed both at the client side and at the server side, thus ensuring full …
This paper is aimed to evaluate the importance of XML Signature and XML Encryption in Web Service Security. In today's business scenario, organizations are investing huge amount of resources in Web Services. Web Service Transactions are done mainly through plain-text XML formats like SOAP and WSDL, hence hacking into them is not a tedious task. XML Signature and XML Encryption ensure security to XML documents as well as retain the structure of documents, thereby making it easy to implement them. These two methods are evaluated on the parameters of authentication, authorization, integration, co…
With our growing reliability on distributed networks, the security aspect of such networks becomes of prime importance. In large scale distributed networks it becomes cardinal to have an efficient and effective monitoring scheme. The monitoring schemes supervise the node behaviour in the network and look out for any discrepancy. Monitoring schemes comprise of monitoring components that work together to help schemes in meeting various security requirement parameters for the networks. These security parameters are breached via various attacks by manipulation of monitoring components of particula…
We present WPSE, a browser-side security monitor for web protocols designed to ensure compliance with the intended protocol flow, as well as confidentiality and integrity properties of messages. We formally prove that WPSE is expressive enough to protect web applications from a wide range of protocol implementation bugs and web attacks. We discuss concrete examples of attacks which can be prevented by WPSE on OAuth 2.0 and SAML 2.0, including a novel attack on the Google implementation of SAML 2.0 which we discovered by formalizing the protocol specification in WPSE. Moreover, we use WPSE to c…
The phenomenon of network vigilantism is autonomously attributed to how anomalies and obscure activities from adversaries can be tracked in realtime. Needless to say, in today dynamic, virtualized, and complex network environments, it has become undeniably necessary for network administrators, analysts as well as engineers to practice network vigilantism, on traffic as well as other network events in real-time. The reason is to understand the exact security posture of an organization network environment at any given time. This is driven by the fact that modern network environments do, not only…
The Software Defined Networking (SDN) paradigm decouples control and data planes, offering high programmability and a global view of the network. However, it is a challenge not only provide security in these next generation networks as well as allow that network attacks could be subjected to an incident and forensic treatment procedure. This paper proposes the implementation of flexible mechanisms of monitoring and treatment of security events categorized per type of attack and associated with whitelist and blacklist resources by means of the SDN controller programmability. The resources to pe…
Internet traffic is increasingly encrypted. While this protects the confidentiality and integrity of communication, it prevents network monitoring systems (NMS) and intrusion detection systems (IDSs) from effectively analyzing the now encrypted payloads. Therefore, many enterprise networks have deployed man-in-the-middle (MitM) proxies that intercept TLS connections at the network border to examine packet payloads and thus retain some visibility. However, recent studies have shown that TLS interception often reduces connection security and potentially introduces additional attack vectors to th…
We propose a design-time framework (named HYDRA-C) for integrating security tasks into partitioned real-time systems (RTS) running on multicore platforms. Our goal is to opportunistically execute security monitoring mechanisms in a 'continuous' manner -- i.e., as often as possible, across cores, to ensure that security tasks run with as few interruptions as possible. Our framework will allow designers to integrate security mechanisms without perturbing existing real-time (RT) task properties or execution order. We demonstrate the framework using a proof-of-concept implementation with intrusion…
The cloud model allows many enterprises able to outsource computing resources at an affordable price without having to commit the expense upfront. Although the cloud providers are responsible for the security of the cloud, there are still many security concerns due to inherently complex model the cloud providers operate on (e.g.,multi-tenancy). In addition, the enterprises whose services have migrated into the cloud have a preference for their own cybersecurity situation awareness capability on top of the security mechanisms provided by the cloud providers. In this way, the enterprises can mon…
This paper was designed to provide Intranet traffic monitoring by sniffing the packets at the local Area Network (LAN) server end to provide security and control. It was implemented using five computer systems configured with static Internet Protocol (IP) addresses used in monitoring the IP traffic on the network by capturing and analyzing live packets from various sources and destinations in the network. The LAN was deployed on windows 8 with a D-link 16-port switch, category 6 Ethernet cable and other LAN devices. The IP traffics were captured and analyzed using Wireshark Version 2.0.3. Four…
Cybersecurity, security monitoring of malicious events in IP traffic, is an important field largely unexplored by statisticians. Computer scientists have made significant contributions in this area using statistical anomaly detection and other supervised learning methods to detect specific malicious events. In this research, we investigate the detection of botnet command and control (C&C) hosts in massive IP traffic. We use the NetFlow data, the industry standard for monitoring of IP traffic for exploratory analysis and extracting new features. Using statistical as well as deep learning models…
For computer software, our security models, policies, mechanisms, and means of assurance were primarily conceived and developed before the end of the 1970's. However, since that time, software has changed radically: it is thousands of times larger, comprises countless libraries, layers, and services, and is used for more purposes, in far more complex ways. It is worthwhile to revisit our core computer security concepts. For example, it is unclear whether the Principle of Least Privilege can help dictate security policy, when software is too complex for either its developers or its users to exp…
Monitoring kernel object modification of virtual machine is widely used by virtual-machine-introspection-based security monitors to protect virtual machines in cloud computing, such as monitoring dentry objects to intercept file operations, etc. However, most of the current virtual machine monitors, such as KVM and Xen, only support page-level monitoring, because the Intel EPT technology can only monitor page privilege. If the out-of-virtual-machine security tools want to monitor some kernel objects, they need to intercept the operation of the whole memory page. Since there are some other obje…
Data provenance is a valuable tool for detecting and preventing cyber attack, providing insight into the nature of suspicious events. For example, an administrator can use provenance to identify the perpetrator of a data leak, track an attacker's actions following an intrusion, or even control the flow of outbound data within an organization. Unfortunately, providing relevant data provenance for complex, heterogenous software deployments is challenging, requiring both the tedious instrumentation of many application components as well as a unified architecture for aggregating information betwee…
Enterprise Networks are growing in scale and complexity, with heterogeneous connected assets needing to be secured in different ways. Nevertheless, virtually all connected assets use the Domain Name System (DNS) for address resolution, and DNS has thus become a convenient vehicle for attackers to covertly perform Command and Control (C&C) communication, data theft, and service disruption across a wide range of assets. Enterprise security appliances that monitor network traffic typically allow all DNS traffic through as it is vital for accessing any web service; they may at best match against a…
We review the current status and research challenges in the area of cyber security often called continuous monitoring and risk scoring (CMRS). We focus on two most salient aspects of CMRS. First, continuous collection of data through automated feeds; hence the term continuous monitoring. Typical data collected for continuous monitoring purposes include network traffic information as well as host information from host-based agents. Second, analysis of the collected data in order to assess the risks - the risk scoring. This assessment may include flagging especially egregious vulnerabilities and…
Internet security is getting less secure because of the existing of botnet threats. An attack plan can only be planned out to take down the botnet after the monitoring activities to understand the behaviour of a botnet. Nowadays, the architecture of the botnet is developed using Peer-to-Peer (P2P) connection causing it to be harder to be monitored and track down. This paper is mainly about existing botnet monitoring tools. The purpose of this paper is to study the ways to monitor a botnet and how monitoring mechanism works. The monitoring tools are categorized into active and passive mechanism…
Single Sign-On (SSO) shifts the crucial authentication process on a website to to the underlying SSO protocols and their correct implementation. To strengthen SSO security, organizations, such as IETF and W3C, maintain advisories to address known threats. One could assume that these security best practices are widely deployed on websites. We show that this assumption is a fallacy. We present SSO-MONITOR, an open-source fully-automatic large-scale SSO landscape, security, and privacy analysis tool. In contrast to all previous work, SSO-MONITOR uses a highly extensible, fully automated workflow …
The linear and grid based Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are formed by applications where objects being monitored are either placed in linear or grid based form. E.g. monitoring oil, water or gas pipelines; perimeter surveillance; monitoring traffic level of city streets, goods warehouse monitoring. The security of data is a critical issue for all such applications and as the devices used for the monitoring purpose have several resource constraints (bandwidth, storage capacity, battery life); it is significant to have a lightweight security solution. Therefore, we consider symmetric key based …
CFI is a computer security technique that detects runtime attacks by monitoring a program's branching behavior. This work presents a detailed analysis of the security policies enforced by 21 recent hardware-based CFI architectures. The goal is to evaluate the security, limitations, hardware cost, performance, and practicality of using these policies. We show that many architectures are not suitable for widespread adoption, since they have practical issues, such as relying on accurate control flow model (which is difficult to obtain) or they implement policies which provide only limited securit…
Trust in publicly verifiable Certificate Transparency (CT) logs is reduced through cryptography, gossip, auditing, and monitoring. The role of a monitor is to observe each and every log entry, looking for suspicious certificates that interest the entity running the monitor. While anyone can run a monitor, it requires continuous operation and copies of the logs to be inspected. This has lead to the emergence of monitoring-as-a-service: a trusted party runs the monitor and provides registered subjects with selective certificate notifications, e.g., "notify me of all foo.com certificates". We pre…
As many industries shift towards centralised controlled information systems for monitoring and control, more importance is being placed upon technologies such as Supervisory Control and Data Acquisitions industrial systems (SCADA). This focus on integration and interoperability presents numerous challenges for security personnel and organisational management alike. It becomes paramount therefore to reciprocate this new direction within an organisation with adequate plans and frameworks that ensure protection and security of its SCADA architecture. A clear understanding of the relevant threats …
Coronavirus disease 2019, i.e. COVID-19 has imposed the public health measure of keeping social distancing for preventing mass transmission of COVID-19. For monitoring the social distancing and keeping the trace of transmission, we are obligated to develop various types of digital surveillance systems, which include contact tracing systems and drone-based monitoring systems. Due to the inconvenience of manual labor, traditional contact tracing systems are gradually replaced by the efficient automated contact tracing applications that are developed for smartphones. However, the commencement of …
Hardware-assisted reference monitoring is receiving increasing attention as a way to improve the security of existing software. One example is the PIPE architecture extension, which attaches metadata tags to register and memory values and executes tag-based rules at each machine instruction to enforce a software-defined security policy. To use PIPE effectively, engineers should be able to write security policies in terms of source-level concepts like functions, local variables, and structured control operators, which are not visible at machine level. It is the job of the compiler to generate P…
A wireless sensor network (WSN) has important applications such as remote environmental monitoring and target tracking. In addition, Wireless Sensor networks is an emerging technology and have great potential to be employed in critical situations like battlefields and commercial applications such as building, traffic surveillance, habitat monitoring and smart homes and many more scenarios. One of the major challenges wireless sensor networks face today is security. This has been enabled by the availability for a kind of possible attacks; the innate power and recall limit of sensor nodes earn c…
Healthcare applications are well thought-out as interesting fields for WSN where patients can be examine using wireless medical sensor networks. Inside the hospital or extensive care surroundings there is a tempting need for steady monitoring of essential body functions and support for patient mobility. Recent research cantered on patient reliable communication, mobility, and energy-efficient routing. Yet deploying new expertise in healthcare applications presents some understandable security concerns which are the important concern in the inclusive deployment of wireless patient monitoring sy…
