结合生物阻抗和EMG测量进行可靠的肌肉收缩检测
Combining Bioimpedance and EMG Measurements for Reliable Muscle Contraction Detection
摘要：
目的：肌肉收缩通常通过肌电图测量来检测。这种技术的主要缺点是对电极的机械干扰与所需信号的频率和幅度范围相同。在这项工作中，我们提出了一种方法和实现的测量系统，结合肌电和生物阻抗测量更高的可靠性的肌肉收缩检测。研究方法：我们提出了一个模块化的四通道测量系统的发展，其中每个通道是能够采集肌电，生物阻抗幅度和相位，同时。这些模块通过一个额外的接口板进行同步，该接口板与PC进行通信。图形用户界面可在50 kHz至333 kHz的频率范围内控制100 μA至1 mA的生物阻抗激励电流。结果如下：系统表征表明，可以可靠地检测到小于250 ppm的生物阻抗幅度变化和小于0.05°的相位变化。来自受试者的测量已经示出了EMG和生物阻抗信号之间的时序关系以及它们对机械干扰的鲁棒性。五个示例性手势的测量已经证明了用于检测肌肉收缩的可用信息的增加。结论：肌肉的生物阻抗测量提供了有用的信息收缩。此外，使用已知的高频激励电流能够可靠地区分实际信息和干扰。意义：通过结合EMG和生物阻抗测量，可以更可靠地检测肌肉收缩。这种设置可以用于假肢和许多其他人机界面。
英文摘要：
Objective: Muscle contractions are commonly detected by performing EMG measurements. The major disadvantage of this technique is that mechanical disturbances to the electrodes are in the same frequency and magnitude range as the desired signal. In this work we propose an approach and a realized measurement system to combine EMG and bioimpedance measurements for higher reliabilities of muscle contraction detections. Methods: We propose the development of a modular four-channel measurement system, whereat each channel is capable of acquiring EMG, the bioimpedance magnitude and phase, simultaneously. The modules are synchronized by an additional interface board, which communicates with a PC. A graphical user interface enables to control the bioimpedance excitation current in a range from 100 μA to 1 mA in a frequency range from 50 kHz to 333 kHz. Results: A system characterization demonstrated that bioimpedance magnitude changes of less than 250 ppm and phase changes below 0.05° can be detected reliably. Measurements from a subject have shown the timing relationship between EMG and bioimpedance signals as well as their robustness against mechanical disturbances. A measurement of five exemplary hand gestures has demonstrated the increase of usable information for detecting muscle contractions. Conclusion: Bioimpedance measurements of muscles provide useful information about contractions. Furthermore, the usage of a known high-frequency excitation current enables a reliable differentiation between the actual information and disturbances. Significance: By combining EMG and bioimpedance measurements, muscle contractions can be detected much more reliably. This setup can be adopted to prostheses and many other human-computer interfaces.
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