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arXiv 1908.09849astro-ph.GA
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$z>6$类星体的X射线性质:在宇宙第一回旋中没有明显的吸积物理演化

The X-ray properties of $z>6$ quasars: no evident evolution of accretion physics in the first Gyr of the Universe

Fabio Vito, William Nielsen Brandt, Franz Erik Bauer, Francesco Calura, Roberto Gilli, Bin Luo, Ohad Shemmer, Cristian Vignali, Gianni Zamorani, Marcella Brusa,… 展开作者

Fabio Vito, William Nielsen Brandt, Franz Erik Bauer, Francesco Calura, Roberto Gilli, Bin Luo, Ohad Shemmer, Cristian Vignali, Gianni Zamorani, Marcella Brusa, Francesca Civano, Andrea Comastri, Riccardo Nanni

摘要:

类星体的X射线辐射已被用来评估$z$ ~6的SMBH吸积性质。然而,在$z>6$,只有~15个类星体被灵敏的X射线观测所覆盖,这妨碍了对宇宙第一个回转中类星体的X射线性质进行统计上有意义的调查。我们提出了新的钱德拉观测10个$z>6$类星体,选择有维里黑洞质量估计镁II线光谱。添加档案X射线数据为额外的15 $z>6$类星体,我们调查的X射线性质的类星体人口在第一个Gyr的宇宙,特别是侧重于$L_{UV}-L_{X}$关系,这是跟踪的$α_{ox}$参数,和它们的X射线光谱的形状。我们进行了光度分析,以获得对X射线光度的估计,从而获得$α_{ox}$值和热辐射校正($K_{bol}=L_{bol}/L_{X}$)。我们比较了由此产生的$α_{ox}$和$K_{bol}$分布的结果发现类星体样本在较低的红移。最后,我们对最亮的$z>6$类星体进行了基本的X射线光谱分析,以获得它们各自的光子指数,并对整个样品进行了联合光谱分析,以估计平均光子指数。我们证实了缺乏显着的演变$α_{ox}$与红移,从以前的工作扩展到$z>6$的结果,并增加的趋势,发现类星体在较低的红移光度增加的热辐射校正。我们样本的平均幂律光子指数(分别为具有$<30$和$>30$净计数的源的$Γ=2.20_{-0.34}^{+0.39}$和$Γ=2.13_{-0.13}^{+0.13}$)比$z=1-6$处的典型类星体略陡,但仍与之一致.所有这些结果都指向类星体内部吸积盘/热日冕结构从低红移到$z>6$缺乏实质性的演化。我们的数据提示在$z>6$的爱丁顿比通常较高。

英文摘要:

X-ray emission from QSOs has been used to assess SMBH accretion properties up to $z$~6. However, at $z>6$ only ~15 QSOs are covered by sensitive X-ray observations, preventing a statistically significant investigation of the X-ray properties of QSOs in the first Gyr of the Universe. We present new Chandra observations of 10 $z>6$ QSOs, selected to have virial black-hole mass estimates from Mg II line spectroscopy. Adding archival X-ray data for an additional 15 $z>6$ QSOs, we investigate the X-ray properties of the QSO population in the first Gyr of the Universe, focusing in particular on the $L_{UV}-L_{X}$ relation, which is traced by the $α_{ox}$ parameter, and the shape of their X-ray spectra. We performed photometric analyses to derive estimates of the X-ray luminosities, and thus the $α_{ox}$ values and bolometric corrections ($K_{bol}=L_{bol}/L_{X}$). We compared the resulting $α_{ox}$ and $K_{bol}$ distributions with the results found for QSO samples at lower redshift. Finally, we performed a basic X-ray spectral analysis of the brightest $z>6$ QSOs to derive their individual photon indices, and joint spectral analysis of the whole sample to estimate the average photon index. We confirm a lack of significant evolution of $α_{ox}$ with redshift, extending the results from previous works up to $z>6$, and the trend of an increasing bolometric correction with increasing luminosity found for QSOs at lower redshifts. The average power-law photon index of our sample ($Γ=2.20_{-0.34}^{+0.39}$ and $Γ=2.13_{-0.13}^{+0.13}$ for sources with $<30$ and $>30$ net counts, respectively) is slightly steeper than, but still consistent with, typical QSOs at $z=1-6$. All these results point toward a lack of substantial evolution of the inner accretion-disk/hot-corona structure in QSOs from low redshift to $z>6$. Our data hint at generally high Eddington ratios at $z>6$.

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