从第一原理论证发明
Argument Invention from First Principles
摘要：
竞争激烈的辩论者经常发现自己面临着一项具有挑战性的任务-如何辩论一个他们知之甚少的话题，只有几分钟的准备时间，而且没有书籍或互联网？他们经常依靠的是“第一原则”，即与许多主题有关的常见论点，他们在过去的辩论中对此进行了改进。在这项工作中，我们的目标是明确地定义一个分类法，这种原则性的反复出现的论点，并给出一个有争议的话题，自动识别这些参数是相关的主题。据我们所知，这是第一次在NLP的上下文中形式化和明确地描述这种论证发明的方法。这项工作的主要目标是表明，它是可能的定义这样的分类。虽然这里提出的分类法应该被认为是“第一次尝试”，但它仍然是连贯的，很好地涵盖了相关的主题，并与专业辩论者在演讲中实际争论的内容相吻合，并促进了新主题的自动论点发明。
英文摘要：
Competitive debaters often find themselves facing a challenging task -- how to debate a topic they know very little about, with only minutes to prepare, and without access to books or the Internet? What they often do is rely on "first principles", commonplace arguments which are relevant to many topics, and which they have refined in past debates. In this work we aim to explicitly define a taxonomy of such principled recurring arguments, and, given a controversial topic, to automatically identify which of these arguments are relevant to the topic. As far as we know, this is the first time that this approach to argument invention is formalized and made explicit in the context of NLP. The main goal of this work is to show that it is possible to define such a taxonomy. While the taxonomy suggested here should be thought of as a "first attempt" it is nonetheless coherent, covers well the relevant topics and coincides with what professional debaters actually argue in their speeches, and facilitates automatic argument invention for new topics.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
