利用永磁体和马吕斯定律测量橄榄油中的法拉第效应
Measuring the Faraday effect in olive oil using permanent magnets and Malus' law
摘要：
我们提出了一个简单的永久磁铁设置，可用于测量气体，液体和固体中的法拉第效应。通过将透射曲线拟合为偏振器角度的函数（Malus定律），我们对激光强度的波动进行平均，并且可以提取小至$\pm$ 50 $μ$拉德的相移。我们集中于测量橄榄油中的法拉第效应，并发现在约20 $^{\circ}$ C下，对于659.2 nm的波长，$V$ = 192 $\pm$ 1 deg T $^{-1}$ m $^{-1}$的费尔德系数。我们表明，费尔德系数可以拟合与德鲁德式色散定律$A/(λ^2 - λ_0^2)$与系数$A$ = 7.9 $\pm$ 0.2 $\times$ 10 $^{7}$度T $^{-1}$ m $^{-1}$ nm $^2$和$λ_0$ = 142 $\pm$ 13 nm。
英文摘要：
We present a simple permanent magnet set-up that can be used to measure the Faraday effect in gases, liquids and solids. By fitting the transmission curve as a function of polarizer angle (Malus' law) we average over fluctuations in the laser intensity and can extract phase shifts as small as $\pm$ 50 $μ$rads. We have focused on measuring the Faraday effect in olive oil and find a Verdet coefficient of $V$ = 192 $\pm$ 1 deg T$^{-1}$ m$^{-1}$ at approximately 20 $^{\circ}$C for a wavelength of 659.2 nm. We show that the Verdet coefficient can be fit with a Drude-like dispersion law $A/(λ^2 - λ_0^2)$ with coefficients $A$ = 7.9 $\pm$ 0.2 $\times$ 10$^{7}$ deg T$^{-1}$ m$^{-1}$ nm$^2$ and $λ_0$ = 142 $\pm$ 13 nm.
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